Associations between long term use of acid suppressing drugs and risk of adenocarcinoma of the oesophagus compared with non-users stratified by treatment indication, presented as odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI)
| Exposure | Controls (n (%)) | Oesophageal adenocarcinoma | |
|---|---|---|---|
| (n (%)) | OR (95% CI)¶ | ||
| *More than 3 years of current use of either proton pump inhibitors (PPI) or histamine2 receptor antagonists (H2 blockers). | |||
| †Including gastro-oesophageal reflux, oesophagitis, hiatal hernia, or Barrett’s oesophagus. | |||
| ‡Including gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer and unspecified peptic ulcer, gastritis, dyspepsia, indigestion, epigastric pain, unknown indication, prophylactic indication, or indication of mixed type. | |||
| ¶All ORs adjusted for age, sex, calendar year, smoking, alcohol consumption, and body mass index. | |||
| Indication for long term use of PPI or H2 blockers* | |||
| “Oesophageal”† | 125 (1.2) | 16 (5.6) | 5.42 (3.13–9.39) |
| Other indications ‡ | 218 (2.2) | 10 (3.5) | 1.74 (0.90–3.34) |