Complications observed during prospective follow-up
| Complication | Outcome based on all recorded procedures n/N (%) | Outcome based on patients’ first recorded procedure n/N (%) |
|---|---|---|
| BS, biliary sphincterotomy; ERCP, endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography. | ||
| *Includes 5 cases of basket impaction/mechanical failure of lithotriptor; 1 oesophageal perforation; 2 ductal perforations with 1 case of subcapsular biloma; 13 cases of acute cholecystitis (including 1 case of gallbladder empyema); 1 case of gallstone ileus; 1 episode of haemorrhage arising from a combined percutaneous procedure; 1 Addisonian crisis; 3 complications of antibiotic administration (allergic rash in 1, Clostridium difficile diarrhoea in 1, anaphylaxis in 1); 5 cases of gastrointestinal disturbance (nausea and vomiting/constipation); 24 episodes of abdominal pain which did not meet the diagnostic criteria for pancreatitis; 1 episode of epistaxis temporally related to the procedure; 13 cardiorespiratory complications; 1 neuropsychiatric reaction to medication; 1 case of possible rigors without documented fever; 2 cases of acute renal failure. | ||
| †Procedures could result in more than one complication. | ||
| Post-ERCP pancreatitis | 79/5264 (1.5) | 74/4561 (1.6) |
| Gastrointestinal haemorrhage | ||
| All ERCPs BS procedures | 46/5264 (0.9) 33/2260 (1.5) | 40/4561 (0.9) 28/2110 (1.3) |
| Cholangitis | 59/5264 (1.1) | 48/4561 (1.0) |
| Duodenal perforation | 22/5264 (0.4) | 20/4561 (0.4) |
| Miscellaneous | 74/5264 (1.4)* | 54/4561 (1.2) |
| Any† | 268/5264 (5.1) | 230/4561 (5.0) |