Sensitivity, specificity and positive and negative likelihood ratios of individual symptom items and statistical models in predicting colorectal cancer
Symptom itemSensitivity (95% CI)Specificity (95% CI)Positive likelihood ratio (95%CI)Negative likelihood ratio (95% CI)
Rectal bleeding64% (55% to 73%)52% (42% to 63%)1.32 (1.19 to 1.47)0.76 (0.66 to 0.87)
Change in bowel habit41% (23% to 60%)69% (58% to 78%)1.29 (1.05 to 1.59)0.82 (0.66 to 1.01)
Anaemia17% (5.5% to 33%)90% (87% to 92%)1.43 (0.75 to 2.74)0.96 (0.8 to 1.06)
Weight loss22% (14% to 31%)89% (81% to 95%)1.96 (1.25 to 3.08)0.91 (0.84 to 0.98)
Diarrhoea19% (1% to 54%)80% (63% to 93%)0.74 (0.34 to 1.62)0.98 (0.85 to 1.13)
Iron deficiency anaemia23% (2% to 57%)87% (83% to 91%)1.38 (0.48 to 3.94)0.88 (0.68 to 1.13)
Abdominal mass5% (2% to 9%)97% (96% to 98%)1.47 (0.68 to 3.19)0.99 (0.95 to 1.02)
Dark red rectal bleeding15% (3% to 34%)96% (93% to 98%)3.83 (2.62 to 5.61)0.88 (0.75 to 1.04)
Statistical models90% (84% to 95%)59% (52% to 66%)2.35 (2.16 to 2.55)0.15 (0.08 to 0.26)
  • CI, confidence interval.