| Systemic circulation |
| Plasma volume ↑ |
| Total blood volume ↑ |
| Non-central blood volume ↑ |
| Central and arterial blood volume ↓ (→) |
| Arterial blood pressure ↓ (→) |
| Systemic vascular resistance ↓ |
| Cutaneous and skeletal muscle circulation |
| Skeletal muscular blood flow* ↑ → ↓ |
| Cutaneous blood flow* ↑ → ↓ |
| Heart |
| Heart rate ↑ |
| Cardiac output ↑ |
| Left atrial volume ↑ |
| Left ventricular volume → (↑) |
| Right atrial volume → ↑ ↓ |
| Right atrial pressure → ↑ |
| Right ventricular end-diastolic pressure → |
| Pulmonary artery pressure → ↑ |
| Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure → |
| Left ventricular end-diastolic pressure → |
| Total vascular compliance ↑ |
| Arterial compliance ↑ |
| Hepatic and splanchnic circulation |
| Hepatic blood flow† ↓ → (↑) |
| Hepatic venous pressure gradient ↑ |
| Postsinusoidal resistance ↑ |
| Renal circulation |
| Renal blood flow ↓ |
| Glomerular filtration rate (↑)↓ → |
| Cerebral circulation |
| Cerebral blood flow ↓→ |
| Pulmonary circulation |
| Pulmonary blood flow ↑ |
| Pulmonary vascular resistance ↓ (↑‡) |
| Pulmonary blood volume ↓ |
| Pulmonary transit time ↓ |
↑ → ↓ denote: increased, unchanged and decreased, respectively. Arrows in parentheses describe early/less typical changes.
*Available data are highly dependent on the applied technique.
†Changes in intrahepatic blood flow due to variable co-determination of portosystemic shunts.
‡Increased in portopulmonary hypertension.