| First author, and year | Reference | No patients | Type of study | Method of percutaneous biopsy | No patients with seeding | Median follow-up (months) | Median time to seeding | Incidence (%) | How tumour seeding diagnosed |
| Huang 1996 | 37 | 420 | Retrospective | US guided | 9 | 36 | 24 months | 9/420 (2.1) | Histology HCC |
| Takamori 2000 | 38 | 59 | Retrospective | CT guided | 3 | 42 | 7 months and 4 years | 3/59 (5.8) | Histology HCC |
| Maturen 2006 | 39 | 101 | Retrospective | US or CT guided | 0 | 14 | NA | 0 | NA |
| Kosugi 2004 | 44 | 31 | Retrospective | US guided | 1 | 14 | 5 months | 1/31 (3.2) | Histology HCC |
| Kim 2000 | 43 | 205 | Retrospective | US guided | 7 | 44 | 7.4 months | 7/205 (3.4) | Histology HCC |
| Chapoutot 1999 | 47 | 150 | Retrospective | US guided | 4 | 35 | 17 months | 4/150(2.66) | Histology HCC |
| Durand 2001 | 40 | 135 | Retrospective | US guided | 2 | 38 | 14 and 36 months | 2/135 (1.5) | Histology HCC |
| Caturelli 2004 | 46 | 239 | Prospective | US guided | 0 | 28 | NA | 0 | NA |
| Totals | 1340 | 26 | Median 17 months | Histology HCC |
HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; US, ultrasound.