| Variable | Interv. gp before diet | Interv. gp after diet | p Value for baseline vs after diet in interv. gp | Controls at baseline | p Value for baseline in controls vs interv. gp | Controls after 4 weeks | p Value for levels at study end in controls vs interv. gp |
| Age (years) | 27 (6.6) | 25 (3.5) | 0.3 | ||||
| Sex (M/F) | 12/6 | 12/6 | |||||
| Weight (kg) | 67.6 (9.1) | 74.0 (11) | <0.001 | 69.7 (8.4) | 0.5 | 69.7 (8.7) | 0.2 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 21.9 (1.9) | 23.9 (2.2) | <0.001 | 22.2 (2.1) | 0.7 | 22.2 (2.2) | 0.02 |
| Sagittal abdominal diameter (cm) | 18.4 (1.7) | 20.4 (1.6) | <0.001 | 17.8 (1.3) | 0.3 | 17.8 (1.4) | <0.0001 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 76.4 (6.4) | 83.1 (7.9) | <0.001 | 75.5 (5.8) | 0.7 | 75.4 (6.0) | 0.002 |
| Hip circumference (cm) | 86.5 (7.1) | 90.4 (8.5) | 0.03 | 89.0 (6.9) | 0.3 | 89.8 (6.1) | 0.8 |
| HOMA | 0.89 (0.42) | 1.6 (0.83) | 0.002 | 1.2 (0.86) | 0.2 | 1.1 (0.53) | 0.02 |
| ALT (U/l) | 22.1 (11) | 69.3 (76) | 0.01 | 20.2 (3.9) | 0.7 | 22 (8.0) | 0.001 |
| AST (U/l) | 28.1 (12) | 39.6 (23) | 0.07 | 25.5 (5.8) | 0.8 | 26.3 (5.6) | 0.02 |
| ALP (U/l) | 57.3 (30) | 61.2 (25) | 0.1 | 52.7 (12) | 0.6 | 52 (14) | 0.2 |
| Bilirubin (mg/dl) | 0.70 (0.20) | 0.55 (0.15) | 0.01 | 0.89 (0.37) | 0.1 | 0.75 (0.26) | 0.008 |
| Albumin (g/dl) | 4.1 (0.34) | 4.0 (0.27) | 0.2 | 4.4 (0.35) | 0.01 | 4.3 (0.33) | 0.002 |
| Hepatic triglyceride content (%) | 1.1 (1.9) | 2.8 (4.8) | 0.003* | ND | ND | ||
| Body fat (%) | 20.1 (9.8) | 23.8 (8.6) | <0.001 | ND | ND | ||
| Basal metabolic rate (kcal/24 h) | 1615 (276) | 1813 (327) | 0.001 | 1700 (243) | 0.3 | 1712 (262) | 0.3 |
Figures are means (SD).
Interv. gp., intervention group.
*Comparison made with the Wilcoxon signed rank test. Conversions: ALT, AST and ALP (U/l) ×0.017 = μkat/l, bilirubin (mg/dl) ×17.1 = μmol/l, albumin (g/dl) ×10 = g/l. BMI, body mass index; HOMA, homeostasis model assessment;24 ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ALP, alkaline phosphatase, ND; not determined.