| All cases | Histological cirrhosis in biopsy group | Possible cirrhosis | Probable cirrhosis | |||||||
| Yes | No | p Value | Yes | No | p Value | Yes | No | p Value | ||
| Number of patients (%) | 1466 | 32 (24) | 102 (76) | 465 (32) | 1001 (68) | 187 (13) | 1279 (87) | |||
| Male gender (%) | 939 (64) | 29 (91) | 74 (73) | 0.03 | 351 (76) | 588 (59) | <0.001 | 144 (77) | 795 (62) | <0.001 |
| Age, mean (SD), year | 46 (12) | 46 (8) | 43 (12) | 0.13 | 49 (12) | 44 (12) | <0.001 | 51 (12) | 45 (12) | <0.001 |
| Body weight, mean (SD), kg | 65 (12) | 70 (11) | 66 (11) | 0.11 | 67 (12) | 64 (12) | <0.001 | 68 (12) | 64 (12) | <0.001 |
| Body height, mean (SD), cm | 166 (12) | 166 (10) | 167 (8) | 0.76 | 166 (15) | 167 (10) | 0.58 | 166 (21) | 167 (8) | 0.79 |
| BMI, mean (SD), kg/m2 | 23 (3) | 26 (4) | 24 (3) | 0.03 | 24 (4) | 23 (3) | <0.001 | 24 (4) | 23 (3) | <0.001 |
| Overweight (BMI⩾23 kg/m2, %) | 747 (51) | 23 (72) | 61 (60) | 0.22 | 277 (60) | 470 (47) | <0.001 | 116 (62) | 631 (49) | 0.001 |
| Obesity (BMI⩾25 kg/m2, %) | 393 (27) | 15 (47) | 32 (32) | 0.11 | 170 (37) | 223 (22) | <0.001 | 73 (39) | 320 (25) | <0.001 |
| Moderate obesity (BMI⩾28 kg/m2,%) | 104 (7) | 8 (25) | 10 (10) | 0.03 | 54 (11) | 50 (5) | <0.001 | 19 (10) | 85 (7) | 0.06 |
| Severe obesity (BMI⩾30 kg/m2, %) | 42 (3) | 6 (19) | 3 (3) | 0.002 | 27 (6) | 15 (2) | <0.001 | 11 (6) | 31 (2) | 0.01 |
| Waist circumference, mean (SD), cm | 84 (10) | 89 (15) | 82 (9) | 0.01 | 86 (10) | 83 (10) | <0.001 | 87 (11) | 83 (10) | <0.001 |
| Hip circumference, mean (SD), cm | 96 (26) | 98 (8) | 94 (7) | 0.01 | 96 (8) | 96 (31) | 0.05 | 97 (7) | 96 (28) | 0.16 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mean (SD), mm Hg | 128 (19) | 131 (15) | 122 (15) | 0.002 | 133 (20) | 125 (18) | <0.001 | 136 (21) | 127 (18) | <0.001 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mean (SD), mm Hg | 76 (12) | 74 (11) | 69 (10) | 0.03 | 78 (13) | 75 (11) | <0.001 | 79 (13) | 76 (12) | <0.001 |
| Metabolic syndrome (%) | 188 (13) | 12 (38) | 11 (11) | <0.001 | 95 (20) | 93 (9) | <0.001 | 45 (24) | 143 (11) | <0.001 |
| Central obesity (%) | 605 (41) | 15 (47) | 32 (31) | 0.10 | 213 (46) | 392 (39) | 0.01 | 92 (49) | 513 (40) | 0.01 |
| Raised triglycerides (%) | 196 (13) | 6 (19) | 16 (16) | 0.68 | 78 (17) | 118 (12) | 0.006 | 32 (17) | 164 (13) | 0.07 |
| Reduced HDL-cholesterol (%) | 256 (18) | 4 (13) | 10 (10) | 0.66 | 100 (22) | 156 (16) | 0.004 | 46 (25) | 210 (16) | 0.005 |
| Hypertension (%) | 654 (45) | 18 (56) | 32 (31) | 0.01 | 262 (56) | 392 (39) | <0.001 | 115 (62) | 539 (42) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes mellitus (%) | 205 (14) | 15 (47) | 26 (26) | 0.02 | 115 (25) | 90 (9) | <0.001 | 55 (29) | 150 (12) | <0.001 |
| Biochemical | ||||||||||
| Albumin, mean (SD), g/l | 44 (4) | 42 (4) | 43 (5) | 0.02 | 42 (5) | 45 (3) | <0.001 | 41 (6) | 44 (3) | <0.001 |
| Bilirubin, mean (SD), μmol/l | 15 (12) | 17 (24) | 15 (9) | 0.32 | 17 (18) | 14 (7) | <0.001 | 20 (17) | 14 (10) | <0.001 |
| Alkaline phosphatase, mean (SD), IU/l | 75 (30) | 81 (26) | 79 (45) | 0.31 | 85 (36) | 70 (23) | <0.001 | 95 (37) | 72 (26) | <0.001 |
| Alanine transaminase, mean (SD), IU/l | 71 (136) | 95 (100) | 97 (79) | 0.69 | 112 (216) | 53 (74) | <0.001 | 147 (304) | 61 (88) | <0.001 |
| Alpha-fetoprotein, mean (SD), ng/l | 7 (32) | 10 (17) | 4 (4) | 0.001 | 15 (53) | 3 (10) | <0.001 | 30 (82) | 4 (10) | <0.001 |
| Hepatitis B e antigen | 0.81 | 0.002 | 0.009 | |||||||
| Positive (%) | 375 (25) | 59 (45) | 46 (45) | 136 (29) | 231 (23) | 60 (32) | 307 (24) | |||
| Negative (%) | 791 (75) | 75 (55) | 56 (55) | 329 (71) | 770 (77) | 127 (68) | 972 (76) | |||
| log10 [HBV DNA], mean (SD), log10 copies/ml | 5.0 (1.9) | 5.7 (1.5) | 6.3 (2.0) | 0.18 | 5.5 (1.8) | 4.7 (1.9) | <0.001 | 5.8 (1.6) | 4.9 (1.9) | <0.001 |
| Liver stiffness measurement, mean (SD), kPa | 8.3 (6.3) | 14.5 (7.7) | 8.8 (5.2) | <0.001 | 14.7 (7.9) | 5.5 (1.4) | <0.001 | 21.3 (9.0) | 6.6 (2.4) | <0.001 |
| Interquartile range/LSM, mean (SD), % | 19 (16) | 17 (9) | 20 (14) | 0.01 | 20 (14) | 18 (17) | <0.001 | 22 (16) | 18 (16) | <0.001 |
| Success rate of acquisition, mean (SD), % | 89 (13) | 90 (14) | 89 (15) | 0.83 | 90 (13) | 89 (13) | 0.01 | 91 (13) | 89 (13) | 0.03 |
BMI, body mass index; HBV, hepatitis B virus; LSM, liver stiffness measurement; SD, standard deviation.