Examples of test characteristics of multiple two-step algorithms to ascertain children with IBD using physician claims and hospitalisation data
| Patients with scope claim | Patients without scope claim | Duration (years) | <12 years old (n = 147 with IBD, n = 771 534 controls) | <15 years old (n = 183 with IBD, n = 936 514 controls) | <18 years old (validation) (n = 593 with IBD, n = 1241 controls) | |||||||||
| Sensitivity (%) | Specificity (%) | PPV (%) | NPV (%) | Sensitivity (%) | Specificity (%) | PPV (%) | NPV (%) | Sensitivity (%) | Specificity (%) | LR+ | LR− | |||
| 3 contacts or 1 hospitalisation | 5 contacts or 2 hospitalisations | 2 | 91.2 | >99.9 | 66.7 | >99.9 | 90.2 | >99.9 | 51.2 | >99.9 | 92.9 | 98.5 | 60.7 | 0.072 |
| 3 | 91.8 | >99.9 | 65.8 | >99.9 | 91.3 | >99.9 | 50.8 | >99.9 | 93.9 | 98.4 | 58.3 | 0.062 | ||
| 4 | 92.5 | >99.9 | 65.4 | >99.9 | 92.4 | >99.9 | 50.8 | >99.9 | 94.3 | 98.4 | 58.5 | 0.058 | ||
| 5 | 93.2 | >99.9 | 65.2 | >99.9 | 92.9 | >99.9 | 50.6 | >99.9 | 94.4 | 98.4 | 58.6 | 0.057 | ||
| 4 contacts or 2 hospitalisations | 7 contacts or 3 hospitalisations | 2 | 86.4 | >99.9 | 75.2 | >99.9 | 84.2 | >99.9 | 57.7 | >99.9 | 89.4 | 99.5 | 184.9 | 0.107 |
| 3 | 90.5 | >99.9 | 76.0 | >99.9 | 89.6 | >99.9 | 59.2 | >99.9 | 91.1 | 99.5 | 188.3 | 0.090 | ||
| 4 | 92.5 | >99.9 | 76.0 | >99.9 | 91.8 | >99.9 | 57.8 | >99.9 | 91.7 | 99.3 | 126.5 | 0.083 | ||
| 5 | 92.5 | >99.9 | 74.7 | >99.9 | 91.8 | >99.9 | 57.9 | >99.9 | 91.9 | 99.5 | 190.1 | 0.081 | ||
| 5 contacts or 2 hospitalisations | 7 contacts or 3 hospitalisations | 2 | 81.6 | >99.9 | 76.0 | >99.9 | 79.2 | >99.9 | 58.0 | >99.9 | 87.2 | 99.5 | 180.3 | 0.129 |
| 3 | 85.7 | >99.9 | 75.5 | >99.9 | 84.2 | >99.9 | 59.5 | >99.9 | 88.9 | 99.5 | 183.8 | 0.112 | ||
| 4 | 88.4 | >99.9 | 77.4 | >99.9 | 88.5 | >99.9 | 59.8 | >99.9 | 89.5 | 98.3 | 123.5 | 0.105 | ||
| 5 | 89.1 | >99.9 | 75.3 | >99.9 | 89.1 | >99.9 | 59.1 | >99.9 | 90.6 | 99.5 | 186.3 | 0.100 | ||
The selected algorithm is highlighted in bold.
“Contacts” refers to physician contacts with a diagnostic code for IBD. “Hospitalisation” refers to hospitalisations with a diagnostic code for IBD. “Scope” refers to either sigmoidoscopic or colonoscopic examination of the large bowel.
IBD, inflammatory bowel disease; LR, likelihood ratio; NPV, negative predictive value; PPV, positive predictive value.