Table 1 Association of personal characteristics with tissue transglutaminase antibodies (Celikey tTG) and endomysial antibodies (EMA)
VariableCelikey tTGEMA
Negative (n = 6647)Positive (n = 202)p ValueNegative (n = 6776)Positive (n = 73)p Value
Men*, %46.538.60.0346.528.40.002
Age†, years (SD)50.6 (13.9)59.1 (14.2)<0.00150.8 (14.0)49.3 (11.9)0.34
Body mass index, kg/m2 (SD)25.9 (4.1)25.6 (4.4)0.3325.9 (4.1)25.0 (3.9)0.07
Smokers, %23.919.40.1223.819.80.41
Intermediate or higher education, %32.631.90.8332.635.50.58
Alcohol consumption, g/week (SD)45.6 (106.3)61.9 (150.4)0.0246.2 (108.0)34.2 (81.3)0.31
Physically active, %15.413.90.5515.415.1>0.99
Bread consumption, slices/day (SD)4.8 (2.5)4.9 (2.6)0.524.8 (2.5)4.8 (2.8)0.95
Number of births‡ (SD)2.4 (2.0)2.5 (2.7)0.542.4 (2.1)2.5 (2.0)0.73
Postmenopausal status‡, %52.048.20.1851.852.30.92
  • Age- and sex-adjusted distributions or mean values with SD are shown.

  • *Age-adjusted. †Sex-adjusted. ‡Among women.