Characteristics of subjects who responded to the intervention with resolution of NAFLD (converters) and subjects who still had NAFLD at follow-up (non-converters)
| Parameter | Converters | Non-converters | |||||
| Baseline | Follow-up | p Value | Baseline | Follow-up | p Value | p* Value | |
| Gender (male/female) | 14/6 | 14/16 | 0.10 | ||||
| Age (years) | 45.9 (2.4) | 46.9 (2.4) | <0.0001 | 48.4 (1.8) | 49.1 (1.8) | <0.0001 | 0.40 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 30.0 (0.7) | 28.4 (0.7) | <0.0001 | 32.5 (0.7) | 31.8 (0.7) | 0.001 | 0.03 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 102.2 (2.3) | 96.3 (2.2) | <0.0001 | 106.2 (1.5) | 103.3 (1.5) | 0.001 | 0.04 |
| Total body fat† (kg) | 24.6 (1.6) | 20.2 (1.7) | <0.0001 | 31.0 (1.9) | 29.8 (1.9) | 0.01 | 0.06 |
| Subcutaneous abdominal fat† (kg) | 10.2 (0.7) | 9.0 (0.7) | 0.0005 | 13.4 (0.9) | 12.9 (0.8) | 0.04 | 0.049 |
| Visceral adipose tissue† (kg) | 4.01 (0.38) | 3.09 (0.40) | <0.0001 | 4.48 (0.27) | 4.18 (0.30) | 0.0005 | 0.02 |
| Liver fat‡ (%) | 9.95 (1.02) | 3.68 (0.27) | <0.0001 | 14.95 (1.11) | 11.53 (0.83) | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| AST (U/l) | 28.13 (3.43) | 23.00 (1.34) | 0.09 | 28.61 (1.72) | 28.00 (2.68) | 0.16 | 0.40 |
| ALT (U/l) | 36.75 (4.53) | 23.89 (2.55) | 0.002 | 29.14 (3.35) | 28.48 (4.66) | 0.47 | 0.34 |
| Fasting glucose (mmol/l) | 5.44 (0.11) | 5.21 (0.11) | 0.006 | 5.40 (0.10) | 5.37 (0.12) | 0.29 | 0.83 |
| 2 h glucose (mmol/l) | 7.35 (0.35) | 6.11 (0.34) | 0.002 | 7.88 (0.30) | 7.27 (0.32) | 0.04 | 0.73 |
| Fasting insulin (pmol/l) | 74.7 (8.6) | 53.2 (7.7) | 0.002 | 82.6 (7.1) | 80.4 (8.1) | 0.27 | 0.78 |
| 2 h insulin (pmol/l) | 597.0 (87.9) | 318.4 (80.9) | <0.0001 | 826.2 (94.4) | 686.0 (116.9) | 0.045 | 0.69 |
| HPA score | 7.88 (0.25) | 8.54 (0.24) | 0.003 | 7.93 (0.24) | 8.39 (0.19) | 0.04 | 0.68 |
| VO2,max (ml/min/kg) | 26.03 (1.34) | 28.85 (1.65) | 0.02 | 20.61 (1.01) | 22.35 (1.12) | 0.006 | 0.08 |
Results for follow-up and baseline are given as the mean (SE).
p for differences between basal and follow-up, by the matched pairs t test, except for gender (χ2 test).
p* for differences in parameters at baseline between converters and non-converters. Body fat compartments were adjusted for gender and age; the other parameters were additionally adjusted for total body fat. †Measured by magnetic resonance tomography. ‡Measured by magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate transaminase; HPA, habitual physical activity; NAFLD, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.