Main characteristics of subjects according to LSM values
| Characteristic | LSM | p Value | p Value* | |
| <8.0 kPa | ≥8.0 kPa | |||
| n | 1101 | 89 | ||
| Age, years | 57.5±8.8 | 60.4±8.5 | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Women (%) | 40.8 | 23.6 | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Smoking status (%): | ||||
| Non-smoker | 63.6 | 51.7 | 0.08 | 0.12 |
| Past smoker | 20.8 | 28.1 | ||
| Current smoker | 15.6 | 20.2 | ||
| Alcohol consumption, glasses/week | 2.0±3.8 | 3.2±5.9 | 0.04† | 0.11† |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 26.2±3.8 | 29.1±4.8 | 0.001 | <0.0001 |
| BMI (%): | ||||
| <25 kg/m2 | 38.7 | 18.0 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
| 25–29.9 kg/m2 | 46.1 | 42.7 | ||
| ≥30 kg/m2 | 15.3 | 39.3 | ||
| Waist circumference, cm | 88.6±10.7 | 97.2±12.0 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
| SBP, mm Hg | 131.2±15.4 | 139.3±14.1 | <0.0001 | 0.0004 |
| DBP, mm Hg | 79.6±9.5 | 82.6±9.0 | 0.005 | 0.03 |
| Fasting glucose, mmol/l‡ | 5.51 (5.44 to 5.58) | 6.52 (6.24 to 6.81) | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
| Triglycerides, mmol/l‡ | 1.12 (1.08 to 1.15) | 1.31 (1.18 to 1.46) | 0.006 | 0.03 |
| Total cholesterol, mmol/l | 5.42±1.02 | 5.30±1.04 | 0.28 | 0.37 |
| HDL-cholesterol, mmol/l | 1.40±0.37 | 1.34±0.39 | 0.16 | 0.56 |
| LDL-cholesterol, mmol/l | 3.44±0.87 | 3.33±0.85 | 0.25 | 0.26 |
| GGT, UI/l‡ | 24.7 (23.7 to 25.8) | 47.0 (40.5 to 54.6) | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
| ALT, UI/l‡ | 21.7 (21.2 to 22.3) | 35.2 (32.0 to 38.7) | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
| MCV, fl | 88.2±5.9 | 89.7±8.2 | 0.09 | 0.09 |
| Platelets, 109/l | 252±59 | 234±66 | 0.005 | 0.05 |
| Metabolic syndrome (%) | 18.6 | 41.6 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
Data are crude means±SD or percentages unless otherwise specified.
↵* Controlling for age and sex when appropriate.
↵† Test on ranks.
↵‡ Data are geometric means (95% CI) due to skewed distribution.
ALT, alanine aminotransferase; BMI, body mass index; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; GGT, γ-glutamyltranspeptidase; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; LSM, liver stiffness measurement; MCV, mean corpuscular volume; SBP, systolic blood pressure.