Observed survival rates (median, 1-, 3- and 5 years) following hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) diagnosis stratified by timing of HCC surveillance tests (α-fetoprotein or ultrasound) in relation to HCC diagnosis date
| Surveillance in 0–6 months | Surveillance in 7–24 months | No. of patients (%) | Median survival (days) | 1-Year survival rate | 3-Year survival rate | 5-Year survival rate | p Value |
| No | No | 332 (22.4%) | 130 | 31.9% | 15.4% | 11.4% | Ref. |
| No | Yes | 207 (14.0%) | 192 | 40.6% | 19.8% | 14.9% | 0.06 |
| Yes | No | 361 (24.4%) | 282 | 44.3% | 19.0% | 10.6% | 0.01 |
| Yes | Yes | 580 (39.2%) | 368 | 50.3% | 21.9% | 13.0% | <0.01 |
p Values were obtained from Cox proportional hazards analyses.