Study cohort characteristics (healthy donors and ART-naive HIV-infected individuals)
| Study group | All HIV+ | HIV+ (no diarrhoea) | HIV+ (with diarrhoea) | Healthy controls |
| n | 72 | 33 | 39 | 29 |
| Study period in days, median (range) | 342 (55–3652) | 2295 (468–3652) | 198 (55–491) | 216 (187–3287) |
| No. of samples per patient, median (range) | 2 (2–6) | 6 (3–6) | 2 (2–3) | 2 (2–6) |
| Sex (male/female) | 56/16 | 23/10 | 33/6 | 17/12 |
| Age at sampling, median (range) | 35.8 (25.2–76) | 38.3 (26.4–52.5) | 33.2 (25.2–76) | 39 (28–56) |
| CD4 count, median (range) | 217 (1.5–760) | 208 (110–350) | 315 (1.5–760) | NA |
| pVL,* median (range) | 5×104 (61–5.2×105) | 6×104 (61–5.3×105) | 1.9×104 (1.2e3–1.5×105) | NA |
| CDC stage (first sample) | ||||
| A | 60% | 77% | 49% | NA |
| B | 32% | 21% | 41% | NA |
| C | 8% | 6% | 10% | NA |
| CDC stage (last sample) | ||||
| A | 32% | 27% | 36% | NA |
| B | 40% | 42% | 38% | NA |
| C | 28% | 31% | 26% | NA |
| HIV subtype | ||||
| B | 97% | 97% | 97% | NA |
| C | 1.50% | None | 3% | NA |
| Recombinant | 1.50% | 3% | None | NA |
| Risk group | ||||
| MSM | 47% | 28% | 64% | NA |
| IDU | 39% | 48% | 31% | NA |
| HET | 11% | 21% | 2.50% | NA |
| Blood† | 1.40% | None | 2.50% | NA |
| Unknown | 1.40% | 3% | None | NA |
| ART | None | None | None | NA |
| SMS/TMP | 36% | 33% | 39% | NA |