Table 2

Multivariate analysis of the 14 immune-gene signature

Variable	Univariate analysis^†		Multivariate analysis^‡
Variable	HR (95% CI)	p Value	HR (95% CI)	p Value
Training cohort
All patients; n=57
Immune-gene signature	4.9 (1.9 to 12.8)	0.001^*	3.8 (1.4 to 10.1)	0.008^*
TMN stage (I/II/III)	2.2 (1.4 to 3.5)	0.001^*	1.9 (1.2 to 3.0)	0.010^*
Validation cohort
All patients; n=98
Immune-gene signature	2.3 (1.3 to 4.3)	0.007^*	2.0 (1.1 to 3.8)	0.032^*
TMN stage (I/II/III/IV)	1.8 (1.2 to 2.6)	0.003^*	1.6 (1.1 to 2.4)	0.019^*
Stage I/II/III patients; n=91
Immune-gene signature	2.4 (1.2 to 4.7)	0.009^*	2.2 (1.1 to 4.4)	0.022^*
TMN stage (I/II/III)	1.4 (0.9 to 2.2)	0.120	1.2 (0.8 to 1.9)	0.331

Training+validation cohort
All patients; n=155
Immune gene signature	3.0 (1.8 to 5.1)	2.18E-05	2.7 (1.4 to 5.2)	0.004^*
Grade (1/2/3/4)	1.4 (0.9 to 2.0)	0.137	1.4 (0.9 to 2.4)	0.157
TMN stage (I/II/III/IV)	1.8 (1.4 to 2.4)	2.14E-05	1.8 (1.2 to 2.8)	0.005^*
Tumour size (<median/≥median)	1.4 (0.8 to 2.5)	0.253	0.6 (0.3 to 1.2)	0.158
AFP (<median/≥median)	1.4 (0.8 to 2.3)	0.207	1.2 (0.6 to 2.2)	0.649
Age (<median/≥median)	1.4 (0.8 to 2.2)	0.236	1.6 (0.9 to 3.0)	0.144

Median values: tumour size=5.4 cm; α-fetoprotein (AFP)=25 ng/ml; age=60.
↵* Significant (p<0.05).
↵† Univariate analysis, Cox proportional hazard regression.
↵‡ Multivariate analysis, Cox proportional hazard regression.