Author/year | Type of study | No of participants | Environmental factor | Endpoint | Outome |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Voskuil et al (2002)92 | Case–control | 62 Cases 83 Controls | Meat | Adenomas | No association |
Diergaarde et al (2007)93 | Case–control | 145 Cases 103 Controls | Alcohol/smoking | Adenomas | Increased risk |
Fruit/fibre | Adenomas | Decreased risk | |||
Watson et al (2004)94 | Retrospective analysis | 360 Carriers | Smoking | CRC | Increased risk |
271 Carriers | Alcohol | CRC | No association | ||
Pande et al (2010)95 | Retrospective analysis | 752 Carriers | Smoking | CRC | Increased risk |
Botma et al (2010)96 | Prospective cohort study | 468 Carriers | BMI | Adenomas | Increased risk in males |
Win et al (2011)97 | Retrospective analysis | 1324 Carriers 1219 Non-carriers | BMI | CRC | Increased risk |
Winkels et al (2012)98 | Prospective cohort study | 468 Carriers | Smoking | Adenomas | Increased risk |
Alcohol | Adenomas | No significant association | |||
Mathers et al (2012)100 | Randomised controlled trial | 918 Carriers | Resistant starch | CRC | No effect |
Botma et al (2012)99 | Prospective cohort study | 468 Carriers | Dietary patterns | Adenomas | With ‘snack’ dietary pattern* increased risk of adenomas |
*‘Snack’ dietary pattern: high intake of chips, fried snacks, fast food snacks, spring rolls, mayonaise based sauces, cooking fat and butter, peanut sauce, ketchup, sweets and soda water.
BMI, body mass index; CRC, colorectal cancer; LS, Lynch syndrome.