Comparison of incidence rates of gastric cancer in different cohorts according to PPIs uses and prior Helicobacter pylori (HP) eradication therapy
| Before matching | Number of patients | Number of person-years | Number of GC cases | Incidence rate (per 10 000 person-years) | Incidence rate ratio with 95% CI |
| Non-PPIs users with prior HP therapy | 60 126 | 459 864 | 134 | 2.9 | Ref |
| PPIs users with prior HP therapy | 3271 | 23 395 | 19 | 8.1 | 2.81 (1.68 to 4.43) |
| PPIs users without prior HP therapy | 142 460 | 705 094 | 59 | 0.8 | 0.29 (0.21 to 0.39) |
| After matching | Number of patients | Number of person-years | Number of GC cases | Incidence rate (per 10 000 person-years) | Incidence rate ratio with 95% CI |
| PPIs users with prior HP therapy | 3270 | 23 384 | 19 | 8.1 | Ref |
| PPIs users without prior HP therapy* | 13 080 | 93 500 | 9 | 1.0 | 0.12 (0.05 to 0.26) |
*Matched with age (± 5 years), sex, duration of follow-up (±2 years) and frequency of PPIs use (±0.3) in a 1:4 ratio.
GC, gastric cancer; PPIs, proton pump inhibitors.