Risk of Parkinson’s disease in patients with IBD: a Danish nationwide cohort study 1977–2014
| Patients with IBD | Non-IBD individuals | HR for individuals diagnosed with IBD compared with non-IBD individuals (reference) | ||||
| Events | Rate* | Events | Rate* | Crude HR (95% CI) | Adjusted† HR (95% CI) | |
| IBD | ||||||
| All | 335 | 0.37 | 39 784 | 0.22 | 1.24 (1.12 to 1.38) | 1.22 (1.09 to 1.35) |
| Gender | ||||||
| Female | 148 | 0.29 | 17 950 | 0.19 | 1.27 (1.08 to 1.49) | 1.23 (1.05 to 1.45) |
| Male | 187 | 0.46 | 21 834 | 0.26 | 1.23 (1.06 to 1.41) | 1.20 (1.04 to 1.39) |
| Charlson Comorbidity Index | ||||||
| 0 | 59 | 0.13 | 8947 | 0.09 | 1 (reference) | |
| 1–2 | 134 | 0.49 | 17 613 | 0.39 | 1.83 (1.81 to 1.84) | |
| 3–4 | 94 | 0.86 | 8994 | 0.66 | 2.04 (2.02 to 2.06) | |
| 5–6 | 38 | 0.63 | 3541 | 0.50 | 1.68 (1.66 to 1.71) | |
| >7 | 10 | 0.61 | 689 | 0.51 | 1.59 (1.55 to 1.63) | |
| Age at IBD diagnosis (years) | ||||||
| <40 | 24 | 0.05 | 6374 | 0.04 | 1.32 (0.88 to 1.96) | 1.22 (0.82 to 1.82) |
| 40–65 | 145 | 0.49 | 22 282 | 0.36 | 1.32 (1.12 to 1.56) | 1.25 (1.06 to 1.47) |
| >65 | 166 | 1.73 | 11 128 | 1.36 | 1.33 (1.14 to 1.54) | 1.30 (1.12 to 1.52) |
| Follow-up time (years) | ||||||
| <1 | 43 | 16.41 | 1135 | 5.68 | 1.44 (1.07 to 1.94) | 1.36 (1.01 to 1.84) |
| 1–20 | 230 | 0.48 | 19 891 | 0.31 | 1.24 (1.09 to 1.41) | 1.15 (1.01 to 1.31) |
| >20 | 62 | 0.15 | 18 758 | 0.10 | 1.37 (1.07 to 1.76) | 1.26 (0.98 to 1.62) |
HRs are stratified by matching factors (gender and age).
*Incidence rate per 1000 person-years.
†HRs are adjusted for Charlson Comorbidity Index.