Parameters | All subjects (n=105) | Non-IPMN*
(n=21) | IPMN (n=57) | Cancer (n=27) |
Gender (F:M) | 59:46 | 20:1†‡ | 29:28† | 10:17‡ |
Age (years) median (range) | 69 (30–84) | 47†‡ (30–77) | 71† (47–84) | 71‡ (46–83) |
BMI (kg/m2) median (range) | 25.2 (18.1–40.4) | 26.4 (20.4–37.1) | 26.4 (18.1–40.4) | 24.5 (20.2–30.2) |
Smoking (%) | 12.2 | 23.5 | 7.3 | 15.4 |
Alcohol (%) | 34.8 | 29.4 | 32.7 | 42.3 |
Diabetes (%) | 19.1 | 9.5 | 17.5 | 29.6 |
Proton-pump inhibitor use (%) | 14.3 | 14.3 | 15.8 | 11.1 |
Preoperative diagnostic accuracy (%) | n.a. | 52.4† | 94.7† | 51.9 |
S-Ca 19–9 (kE/L) median (range) Above normal§ (%) | 12.0 (<1.0–4840) 33.3 |
9.9‡ (<1.0–62)
23.8‡ | 11.0 (<1.0–115) 19.3 |
94.0‡ (<1.0–4840)
70.4‡ |
Haemoglobin A1c (mmol/mol) median (range) | 40.0 (15.1–80) | 35.0‡ (30–80) | 40.0 (28–72) | 42.0‡ (15.1–67) |
Amylase (µkat/L) median (range) | 0.37 (<0.13–11.6) | 0.38 (0.19–1.96) | 0.39 (<0.13–4.18) | 0.27 (<0.13–11.6) |
Albumin (g/L) median (range) | 36 (16–42) | 38‡ (33–42) | 37 (16–42) | 33.5‡ (19–38) |
Bilirubin (μmol/L) median (range) | 6 (<3–315) | 5‡ (<3–18) | 6 (<3–315) | 14‡ (4–277) |
C reactive protein (mg/L) median (range) | 2 (1–130) | 2 (1–13) | 1 (1–49) | 4 (1–130) |
Invasive endoscopic procedure (%) mean frequency (range) | 38.1 0.62 (0–7) |
14.3‡
0.14 (0–1)‡ | 29.8 0.51 (0–7) |
74.1‡
1.2 (0–4)‡ |
Unicystic/multicystic (%) | 52.0/48.0 | 80.0/20.0 | 36.8/63.2 | 64.0/26.0 |
Pairwise comparisons between the diagnosis groups were made using Fisher’s exact test (qualitative parameters) and Kruskal-Wallis test with Dunn’s multiple comparisons correction (quantitative variables).
Bold indicates statistical significance (p <0.05) in pairwise comparison.
↵*Non-IPMN group comprises MCN (n=9) and SCN (n=12).
†Indicates ‘non-IPMN cyst’ vs ‘IPMN’ p<0.05 (two-tailed).
‡Indicates ‘non-IPMN cyst’ vs ‘Cancer’ p<0.05 (two-tailed).
§Normal S-Ca 19–9<34 kE/L.
n.a., not applicable.