Clinical characteristics at screening and baseline
| Patient characteristics | Screening (n=46*) | Baseline (n=46*) |
| Age, years (range) | 55 (31–69) | |
| Sex, n (%) | ||
| Female | 17 (37) | |
| Male | 29 (63) | |
| Duration of type 2 diabetes, years (range) | 6 (0.1–12) | |
| Weight (kg) | 92.1 (13.7) | 90.3 (13.1) |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 31.6 (4.4) | 31.6 (4.3) |
| HbA1c | ||
| mmol/mol | 67 (10) | 70 (9) |
| % | 8.5 (0.9) | 8.6 (0.8) |
| FPG | ||
| mmol/mol | 9.7 (2.6) | 10.7 (2.7) |
| mg/dL | 174 (45) | 193 (49) |
| Fasting plasma insulin (pmol/L) | 97 (69) | 91 (57) |
| C-peptide (nmol/L) | 1.03 (0.43) | 0.97 (0.40)† |
| HOMA-IR | 7.0 (5.6) | 8.0 (5.7) |
| Oral antidiabetic medications | ||
| Metformin, n (%) | 43 (94) | 43 (94) |
| Sulfonylurea, n (%) | 17 (37) | 0 (0) |
| Meglitinide, n (%) | 2 (4) | 0 (0) |
| DPP-4 inhibitor, n (%) | 10 (22) | 15 (33) |
| SGLT-2 inhibitor, n (%) | 5 (11) | 5 (11) |
| Pioglitazone, n (%) | 1 (2) | 1 (2) |
Values are expressed as mean (SD) unless stated otherwise.
*Patient numbers per site: 11 in Academic Medical Centre , Amsterdam, the Netherlands; 12 in Erasme University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium; 7 in Policlinico Gemelli, Catholic University of Rome, Rome, Italy; 5 in University College London Hospital, London, UK; 8 in CCO Clinical Centre for Diabetes, Obesity and Reflux, Santiago, Chile; 1 in King’s College Hospital, London, UK and 2 in University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
†Baseline C-peptide levels known in 28 patients .
BMI, body mass index; DPP-4, dipeptidyl peptidase-4; FPG, fasting plasma glucose ; HbA1c, glycated haemoglobin A1c; HOMA-IR, Homeostatic Model Assessment Index for Insulin Resistance; SGLT-2, sodium-glucose co-transporter-2.