Baseline characteristics
| Variable | METS-R | RYGB-R | P value | METS-D | RYGB-D |
| Weight (kg) | 119 | 119 | 0.99 | 118 | 114 |
| BMI (kg/m²) | 37.4 | 36.0 | 0.55 | 33.8 | 31.4 |
| Fasting plasma glucose (mmol/L) | 5.48 | 5.03 | 0.17 | ||
| Fasting insulin (pmol/L) | 99.4 | 95.1 | 0.85 | 116 | 46 |
| HOMA1-IR (mean) | 3.14 | 2.89 | 0.65 | ||
| Rd (µmol/kg/min) | 40.6 | 33.9 | 0.37 | 31.8 | 50.5 |
| EGP suppression (%) | 77.4 | 75.9 | 0.82 | 71.5 | 85.7 |
| Lipolysis suppression (%) | 67 | 66 | 0.86 | 64 | 74 |
| Excreted Sitzmark (n)* | 53 | 40 | 0.27 | 58 | 51 |
| REE (kcal/kg) | 17.5 | 17.4 | 0.84 | 18.5 | 17.3 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 5.2 | 4.9 | 0.45 | 6.1 | 4.0 |
| HDL (mmol/L) | 1.18 | 1.06 | 0.17 | 1.08 | 1.60 |
| Dietary intake | |||||
| Calories (kcal/day) | 2033 | 1903 | 0.57 | 2073 | 2226 |
| Fat (g/day) | 73.0 | 67.9 | 0.64 | 66.3 | 82.7 |
| Saturated fat (g/day) | 29.6 | 25.1 | 0.28 | 23.6 | 30.0 |
| Protein (g/day) | 84.11 | 86.4 | 0.80 | 138.4 | 132.0 |
| Carbohydrates (g/day) | 214.6 | 206.2 | 0.80 | 139.1 | 193.4 |
| Fibre (g/day) | 16.71 | 19.0 | 0.22 | 17.3 | 18.9 |
| Alcohol (units/week) | 8 | 5 | 0.50 | 6 | 11 |
Means are reported unless stated otherwise.
*Median instead of mean reported.
BMI, body mass index; EGP, endogenous glucose production; FMT, faecal microbiota transplantation; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; HOMA1-IR, homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance; METS-R, recipients with metabolic syndrome who received FMT from donors with metabolic syndrome; METS-D, metabolic syndrome donors; Rd, rate of glucose disappearance; REE, resting energy expenditure; RYGB-D, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass donor; RYGB-R, recipients with metabolic syndrome who received FMT from post-Roux-en-Y gastric bypass donors.