Baseline characteristics of participants in the SMC and CoSM according to mMED score*
| mMED score | ||||
| (0–2) (n=22 237) | (3-4) (n=36 951) | (5) (n=13 630) | (6-8) (n=10 329) | |
| Age (years) | 62 (10) | 61 (10) | 61(9) | 60 (9) |
| Sex (female), % | 36 | 45 | 53 | 61 |
| Education, % | ||||
| Primary school | 80 | 73 | 65 | 57 |
| High school | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 |
| University | 10 | 16 | 23 | 30 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 26 (4) | 26 (4) | 25 (3) | 25 (3) |
| Ever smoking, % | 60 | 55 | 52 | 49 |
| Physical activity (Met-hours/week) | 42(5) | 42(5) | 42(5) | 42(5) |
| Total caloric intake | 2038 (795) | 2256(848) | 2367 (847) | 2411(783) |
| Components of mMED score | ||||
| Fruit and vegetables (g/day) | 251 (156) | 386 (223) | 492 (231) | 557 (225) |
| Legumes and nuts (g/day), | 0.3 (1) | 0.8 (2) | 1 (3) | 2 (4) |
| Non-refined/high fibre grains (g/day) | 137 (115) | 190 (131) | 210 (128) | 221 (121) |
| Fermented dairy (g/day) | 151 (182) | 253 (240) | 325 (260) | 376 (256) |
| Fish (g/day) | 26 (29) | 37 (37) | 43 (33) | 48 (30) |
| Red and processed meat (g/day) | 83 (55) | 78 (56) | 73 (51) | 62 (43) |
| Olive oil and/or rapeseed oil use, % | 10 | 35 | 63 | 85 |
| Moderate alcohol intake, % | 14 | 29 | 42 | 61 |
*All characteristics were derived from the 1997 questionnaires. Unless notes, continuous variables are presented in mean (SD).
CoSM, Cohort of Swedish Men; mMED, modified Mediterranean diet; SMC, Swedish Mammography Cohort.