List of metabolites selected for the biomarker signature
| Metabolite name | Ontology class | Biological background |
| Beta-carotene | Vitamins, cofactors and related | Exogenous compound, lipid malabsorption |
| Cryptoxanthin | Miscellaneous (Subclass: diet related) | Exogenous compound, lipid malabsorption |
| Behenic acid (C22:0) | Complex lipids, fatty acids and related (Subclass: fatty acids) | Poorly absorbable, de novo synthesis, ceramide related |
| Indole-3-acetic acid | Amino acids and related | Altered bioavailability due to microbiome changes |
| Hippuric acid | Miscellaneous (Subclass: microbiome related) | |
| Mannose | Carbohydrates and related | Altered blood glucose levels due to impaired endocrine function inhibits mannose conversion to glucose. |
| Ceramide (d18:1, C24:1) | Complex lipids, fatty acids and related (Subclass: Sphingolipids) | Increased in response to cellular stress (ie, fibrosis and calcifications) |
| N-acetylcytidine | Nucleobases and related | Increased in chronic inflammation |