Patient group | Study design | No of patients | Route of administration | Duration of f/u | Outcomes (if applicable) | Reference | |
Cirrhosis | Faecal Microbiota Transplantation in the Management of Hepatic Encephalopathy (2017) | Case report | 1 male pt | Initial colonoscopic administration, subsequent enema delivery x4 | 14 weeks |
| Kao et al 91 |
Faecal Microbiota Transplant from a Rational Stool Donor Improves Hepatic Encephalopathy: A Randomised Clinical Trial92 | Open label, randomised trial | 10 pts FMT (including 5 days antibiotic pretreatment) vs 10 pts. SOC | Single enema delivery | 150 days and 15 months follow up study |
| Bajaj et al 92 93 | |
Faecal Microbial Transplant Capsules Are Safe in Hepatic Encephalopathy: A Phase 1, Randomised, placebo-controlled trial (2019) | Randomised, placebo-controlled, single-blind phase I trial | 10 received FMT 10 received placebo | Single oral administration of FMT capsules (x15) | 5 months |
| Bajaj et al 94 | |
Alcoholic hepatitis | Healthy Donor Faecal Microbiota Transplantation in Steroid-Ineligible Severe Alcoholic Hepatitis: A Pilot Study. (2017) | Open label, non-randomised study | 8 male patients received FMT compared with 18 historical controls | Daily administration via nasoduodenal tube for 7 days | 12 months |
| Philips et al 95 |
Corticosteroids, nutrition, pentoxifylline, or faecal microbiota transplantation for severe alcoholic hepatitis (2019) | Open label, non-randomised study | 16 male patients received FMT, 8 corticosteroid, 10 pentoxifylline, 17 nutritional support | Daily administration via nasoduodenal tube for 7 days | 90 days |
| Philips et al 96 | |
Primary sclerosing cholangitis | Faecal microbiota transplantation in patients with Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis (2019) | Single-arm pilot study | 10 patients received FMT | Single FMT by colonoscopy | 24 weeks |
| Allegretti et al 97 |
Acute-on-chronic liver failure | Faecal microbiota transplantation with tenofovir is superior to tenofovir alone in improving clinical outcomes in acute-on-chronic liver failure due to hepatitis B: An open label randomised controlled trial. (2019) | Randomised, open label trial. | 32 patients received FMT and tenofovir, compared with 32 patients receiving tenofovir | Not disclosed | 90 days |
| Ahmad et al 98 |
Viral hepatitis | Faecal microbiota transplantation induces hepatitis B virus e-antigen (HBeAg) clearance in patients with positive HBeAg after long-term antiviral therapy (2017) | Open label, non-randomised study | 5 patients received FMT, 13 controls all patients eAg positive >3 years on nucleoside analogues | Direct endoscopic duodenal delivery every 4 weeks, NA therapy continued | 40 weeks |
| Ren et al 99 |
ALP, alkaline phosphatase; FMT, faecal microbial transplantation; NA, nucleoside analogue; SOC, standard of care.