Comparison of outcomes between SARS-CoV-2-positive SARS-CoV-2-negative patients
| Outcome | COVID | Unadjusted analysis* | Adjusted analysis† | |||||
| Status | N | n (%) | OR (95% CI) | P value | N | OR (95% CI) | P value | |
| ICU admission | Negative | 1367 | 100 (7.3%) | 1 | <0.001 | 1367 | 1 | 0.09 |
| Positive | 110 | 27 (24.6%) | 5.21 (3.06 to 8.85) | 110 | 1.89 (0.91 to 3.95) | |||
| 30-day mortality | Negative | 1328 | 34 (2.6%) | 1 | <0.001 | 1328 | 1 | 0.04 |
| Positive | 102 | 15 (14.7%) | 6.56 (3.44 to 12.5) | 102 | 2.41 (1.02 to 5.71) | |||
| Length of hospital stay‡ | Negative | 1341 | 4 (3, 8) | 1 | <0.001 | 1341 | 1 | <0.001 |
| Positive | 101 | 9 (5, 17) | 1.89 (1.64 to 2.19) | 101 | 1.32 (1.16 to 1.50) | |||
| Pancreatic necrosis | Negative | 1188 | 177 (12.2%) | 1 | 0.001 | 1188 | 1 | 0.48 |
| (suspected or +ve) | Positive | 103 | 24 (23.3%) | 2.35 (1.41 to 3.90) | 103 | 0.79 (0.41 to 1.52) | ||
| Acute pancreatic fluid collections | Negative | 1190 | 253 (21.3%) | 1 | <0.001 | 1190 | 1 | 0.05 |
| (suspected or +ve) | Positive | 103 | 47 (45.6%) | 3.33 (2.15 to 5.16) | 103 | 1.70 (1.00 to 2.88) | ||
| Pseudoaneurysms | Negative | 1185 | 12 (1.0%) | 1 | 0.97 | 1185 | 1 | 0.27 |
| (suspected or +ve) | Positive | 103 | 1 (1.0%) | 0.96 (0.12 to 7.44) | 103 | 0.30 (0.03 to 2.59) | ||
| Pancreato-pleural fistula | Negative | 1188 | 10 (0.8%) | (§) | 1188 | (§) | ||
| (suspected or +ve) | Positive | 102 | 0 (0.0%) | 102 | ||||
| Enteric fistula | Negative | 1185 | 10 (0.8%) | 1 | 0.22 | 1185 | 1 | 0.99 |
| (suspected or +ve) | Positive | 102 | 2 (2.0%) | 2.61 (0.56 to 12.3) | 102 | 0.99 (0.18 to 5.48) | ||
| Pancreatic ascites | Negative | 1187 | 86 (7.3%) | 1 | 0.006 | 1187 | 1 | 0.47 |
| (suspected or +ve) | Positive | 103 | 15 (14.6%) | 2.45 (1.29 to 4.65) | 103 | 1.33 (0.62 to 2.85) | ||
| Portal vein thrombus | Negative | 1180 | 35 (3.0%) | 1 | 0.89 | 1180 | 1 | 0.19 |
| (suspected or +ve) | Positive | 101 | 3 (3.0%) | 1.09 (0.32 to 3.75) | 101 | 0.40 (0.10 to 1.55) | ||
| Any local complication¶ | Negative | 1180 | 380 (26.1%) | 1 | <0.001 | 1180 | 1 | 0.22 |
| Positive | 101 | 50 (49.5%) | 2.91 (1.89 to 4.49) | 101 | 1.40 (0.81 to 2.40) | |||
| Persistent organ failure | Negative | 1338 | 73 (5.5%) | 1 | <0.001 | 1338 | 1 | 0.003 |
| Positive | 144 | 37 (25.7%) | 7.32 (4.48 to 12.0) | 144 | 2.77 (1.43 to 5.39) | |||
*Two hundred ninety-four patients with missing data on one or more of the baseline factors that were excluded from the analysis (255 SARS-CoV-2-negative patients, 39 SARS-CoV-2-positive patients); 1483 patients were included in the analysis (1373 SARS-CoV-2-negative patients, 110 SARS-CoV-2-positive patients).
†Adjusted for: age, sex, smoking status, alcohol aetiology, idiopathic aetiology, unknown aetiology, other aetiology, ECOG, Atlanta classification.
‡Summary statistics are: median (p75–p25). Group differences reported as: ratio (95% CI).
§Insufficient occurrences to enable a formal group comparison.
¶Defined as any of: acute pancreatic fluid collection, pseudoaneurysm, pancreatic pleural fistula, enteric fistula, pancreatic ascites or portal vein thrombus.
ECOG, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group; ICU, intensive care unit.