Crude and adjusted HRs for the association between the use of proton pump inhibitors and colorectal cancer compared with the use of histamine-2 receptor antagonists
| Events | Person years | Crude incidence rate (95% CI) * | Crude HR | Marginal HR (95% CI) † | |
| Histamine-2 receptor antagonist (n=292 387) | 1264 | 1 440 977 | 87.7 (82.9 to 92.7) | 1.00 | 1.00 (reference) |
| Proton pump inhibitor (n=1 293 749) | 6759 | 6 406 425 | 105.5 (103.0 to 108.0) | 1.23 | 1.02 (0.92 to 1.14) |
| Cumulative duration of proton pump inhibitors | |||||
| <2 years | 4961 | 5 248 111 | 94.5 (91.9 to 97.2) | 1.09 | 0.93 (0.83 to 1.04) |
| 2–4 years | 836 | 574 744 | 145.5 (135.8 to 155.7) | 1.72 | 1.45 (1.28 to 1.65) |
| ≥4 years | 962 | 583 570 | 164.8 (154.6 to 175.6) | 1.85 | 1.60 (1.42 to 1.80) |
| Cumulative omeprazole dose equivalents | |||||
| <14 600 mg | 5120 | 5 356 848 | 95.6 (93.0 to 98.2) | 1.11 | 0.94 (0.84 to 1.05) |
| 14 600–29 200 mg | 839 | 556 726 | 150.7 (140.7 to 161.3) | 1.77 | 1.50 (1.32 to 1.70) |
| ≥29 200 mg | 800 | 492 851 | 162.3 (151.3 to 174.0) | 1.80 | 1.58 (1.39 to 1.78) |
| Time since proton pump inhibitor initiation | |||||
| <2 years | 1206 | 1 182 062 | 102.0 (96.3 to 108.0) | 1.13 | 0.87 (0.69 to 1.10) |
| 2–4 years | 1795 | 1 844 488 | 97.3 (92.9 to 102.0) | 1.15 | 0.92 (0.74 to 1.13) |
| ≥4 years | 3758 | 3 379 875 | 111.2 (107.7 to 114.8) | 1.30 | 1.19 (1.03 to 1.34) |
*Per 100 000 person years.
†Weighted using standardised mortality ratio weights.