Life cycle assessment (production, transportation and incineration) of all instruments
| Emissions (SD), kg CO2-eq | Forceps | Snares | Haemoclips |
| Production | 0.25 (0.075) | 0.18 (0.005) | 0.3 (0.169) |
| Transportation | 0.02 (0) | 0.02 (0.005) | 0.015 (0.007) |
| Incineration | 0.15 (0.038) | 0.22 (0.021) | 0.17 (0.049) |
| Total | 0.41 (0.089) | 0.41 (0.030) | 0.49 (0.113) |