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The role of mucosal T lymphocytes in regulating intestinal inflammation

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Abstract

Suppression of chronic intestinal inflammation by different subtypes of T cells has been described in recent years. In particular, naturally arising CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells and IL-10-producing regulatory T cell type 1 CD4+ T lymphocytes have been implicated in the regulation of intestinal inflammation. Here we focus on the ability of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells to suppress innate and T-cell responses and discuss implications for immunoregulation in human inflammatory bowel disease. Besides the modulation of lymphoproliferation, a role for CD4+CD25+ T cells in down-modulation of innate immune responses is emerging and the immunoregulatory activities of regulatory T cells in vivo may be mediated via effects on dendritic cells. Considering the extraordinary regenerative potential of the intestinal mucosa, the ability to impede pathogenic T-cell responses by active regulation might be of particular therapeutic benefit for the treatment of chronic intestinal inflammatory diseases such as Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis.

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Abbreviations

Tr1:

regulatory T cell type 1

TR:

regulatory T cell

IBD:

inflammatory bowel disease

DC:

dendritic cell

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Acknowledgements

H.U. is supported by a University of Leipzig grant (F1-49) and F.P. by the Wellcome Trust. We would like to thank Kevin Maloy and Ana Izcue for critical reading of the manuscript.

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  1. Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, University Children’s Hospital, University of Leipzig, Oststrasse 21–25, 04317, Leipzig, Germany

    Holm H. Uhlig

  2. Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK

    Fiona Powrie

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  1. Holm H. Uhlig
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Uhlig, H.H., Powrie, F. The role of mucosal T lymphocytes in regulating intestinal inflammation. Springer Semin Immun 27, 167–180 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00281-005-0206-6

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