Abstract.
The introduction of multislice CT into clinical radiology constitutes a quantum leap that significantly widens the scope of vascular CT imaging. The advances over conventional spiral CT have been quantitative, mainly in terms of increased image acquisition speed which provides unprecedented volume coverage and spatial resolution. Moreover, significant technical innovations, such as cardiac scanning capabilities, have brought about a qualitative shift towards applications that were thought to be beyond the scope of CT imaging. This way multislice CT offers a wealth of new opportunities for quickly and accurately diagnosing suspected vascular disease in all organ systems; however, as we move towards faster and faster image acquisition techniques, we are also facing new challenges that require development of novel strategies in order to take full advantage of the increased capabilities of multislice CT in its current form and future generations of CT scanners.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Klingenbeck-Regn K, Schaller S, Flohr T et al. (1999) Subsecond multi-slice computed tomography: basics and applications. Eur J Radiol 31:110–124
McCollough CH, Zink FE (1999) Performance evaluation of a multi-slice CT system. Med Phys 26:2223–2230
Hu H, He HD, Foley WD, Fox SH (2000) Four multidetector-row helical CT: image quality and volume coverage speed. Radiology 215:55–62
Rubin GD, Leung AN, Robertson VJ, Stark P (1998) Thoracic spiral CT: influence of subsecond gantry rotation on image quality. Radiology 208:771–776
Rubin GD (1994) Three-dimensional helical CT angiography. Radiographics 14:905–912
Rankin SC (1999) CT angiography. Eur Radiol 9:297–310
Prokop M (2000) Multislice CT angiography. Eur J Radiol 36:86–96
Bae K, Heiken JP, Brink JA (1998) Aortic and hepatic peak enhancement at CT: effect of contrast medium injection rate—pharmacokinetic analysis and experimental porcine model. Radiology 206:455–464
Fleischmann D, Hittmair K (1999) Mathematical analysis of arterial enhancement and optimization of bolus geometry for CT angiography using the discrete fourier transform. J Comput Assist Tomogr 23:474–484
Fleischmann D, Rubin GD, Bankier AA, Hittmair K (2000) Improved uniformity of aortic enhancement with customized contrast medium injection protocols at CT angiography. Radiology 214:363–371
Bae KT, Tran HQ, Heiken JP (2000) Multiphasic injection method for uniform prolonged vascular enhancement at CT angiography: pharmacokinetic analysis and experimental porcine model. Radiology 216:872–880
Costello P, Ecker CP, Tello R, Hartnell GG (1992) Assessment of the thoracic aorta by spiral CT. Am J Roentgenol 158:1127–1130
Rubin GD (1997) Helical CT angiography of the thoracic aorta. J Thorac Imaging 12:128–149
Rubin GD, Shiau MC, Leung AN et al. (2000) Aorta and iliac arteries: single versus multiple detector-row helical CT angiography. Radiology 215:670–676
van Erkel AR, van Rossum AB, Bloem JL et al. (1996) Spiral CT angiography for suspected pulmonary embolism: a cost-effectiveness analysis. Radiology 201:29–36
Remy-Jardin M, Remy J, Deschildre F et al. (1996) Diagnosis of pulmonary embolism with spiral CT: comparison with pulmonary angiography and scintigraphy. Radiology 200:699–706
Remy-Jardin M, Remy J, Artaud D et al. (1998) Spiral CT of pulmonary embolism: diagnostic approach, interpretive pitfalls and current indications. Eur Radiol 8:1376–1390
Goodman LR, Lipchik RJ, Kuzo RS et al. (2000) Subsequent pulmonary embolism: risk after a negative helical CT pulmonary angiogram—prospective comparison with scintigraphy. Radiology 215:535–542
Schoepf UJ, Kessler MA, Rieger CT et al. (2001) Multislice CT imaging of pulmonary embolism. Eur Radiol 11:2278–2286
Schoepf UJ, Holzknecht N, Helmberger TK et al. (2002) Subsegmental pulmonary emboli: improved detection with thin-collimation multi-detector row spiral CT. Radiology 222:483–490
Ghaye B, Remy J, Remy-Jardin M (2002) Non-traumatic thoracic emergencies: CT diagnosis of acute pulmonary embolism: the first 10 years. Eur Radiol 12:1886–1905
Remy-Jardin M, Tillie-Leblond I, Szapiro D et al. (2002) CT angiography of pulmonary embolism in patients with underlying respiratory disease: impact of multislice CT on image quality and negative predictive value. Eur Radiol 12:1971–1978
Kalender WA (1994) Technical foundations of spiral CT. Semin Ultrasound CT MR 15:81–89
Van Hoe L, Vandermeulen D, Gryspeerdt S et al. (1996) Assessment of accuracy of renal artery stenosis grading in helical CT angiography using maximum intensity projections. Eur Radiol 6:658–664
Becker C, Soppa C, Fink U et al. (1997) Spiral CT angiography and 3D reconstruction in patients with aortic coarctation. Eur Radiol 7:1473–1477
Prokop M, Shin HO, Schanz A, Schaefer-Prokop CM (1997) Use of maximum intensity projections in CT angiography: a basic review. Radiographics 17:433–451
Remy J, Remy-Jardin M, Artaud D, Fribourg M (1998) Multiplanar and three-dimensional reconstruction techniques in CT: impact on chest diseases. Eur Radiol 8:335–351
Johnson PT, Halpern EJ, Kuszyk BS et al. (1999) Renal artery stenosis: CT angiography—comparison of real-time volume-rendering and maximum intensity projection algorithms. Radiology 211:337–343
Marcus CD, Ladam-Marcus VJ, Bigot JL et al. (1999) Carotid arterial stenosis: evaluation at CT angiography with the volume-rendering technique. Radiology 211:775–780
Becker CR, Ohnesorge BM, Schoepf UJ, Reiser MF (2000) Current development of cardiac imaging with multidetector-row CT. Eur J Radiol 36:97–103
Ohnesorge B, Flohr T, Becker C et al. (2000) Cardiac imaging by means of electrocardiographically gated multisection spiral CT: initial experience. Radiology 217:564–571
Schoepf U, Becker CR, Obuchowski NA, Rust GF, Ohnesorge BM, Kohl G, Schaller S, Modic MT, Reiser MF (2001) Multislice Computed Tomography as a Screening Tool for Colon Cancer, Lung Cancer and Coronary Artery Disease. Eur Radiol 11:1975–85
Jakobs TF, Becker CR, Ohnesorge B et al. (2002) Multislice helical CT of the heart with retrospective ECG gating: reduction of radiation exposure by ECG-controlled tube current modulation. Eur Radiol 12:1081–1086
Flohr T, Prokop M, Becker C et al. (2002) A retrospectively ECG-gated multislice spiral CT scan and reconstruction technique with suppression of heart pulsation artifacts for cardio-thoracic imaging with extended volume coverage. Eur Radiol 12:1497–1503
Katz DA, Marks MP, Napel SA et al. (1995) Circle of Willis: evaluation with spiral CT angiography, MR angiography, and conventional angiography. Radiology 195:445–449
Preda L, Gaetani P, Rodriguez y Baena R et al. (1998) Spiral CT angiography and surgical correlations in the evaluation of intracranial aneurysms. Eur Radiol 8:739–745
Korogi Y, Takahashi M, Katada K et al. (1999) Intracranial aneurysms: detection with three-dimensional CT angiography with volume rendering—comparison with conventional angiographic and surgical findings. Radiology 211:497–506
Villablanca JP, Jahan R, Hooshi P et al. (2002) Detection and characterization of very small cerebral aneurysms by using 2D and 3D helical CT angiography. Am J Neuroradiol 23:1187–1198
Goodman L, Curtin JJ, Mewissen MW, Foley WD, Lipchik RJ, Crain MR, Sagar KB, Collier BD (1995) Detection of pulmonary embolism in patients with unresolved clinical and scintigraphic diagnosis: helical CT versus angiography. Am J Roentgenol 164:1369–1374
Raptopoulos V, Boiselle PM (2001) Multi-detector row spiral CT pulmonary angiography: comparison with single-detector row spiral CT. Radiology 221:606–613
Remy-Jardin M, Remy J, Artaud D et al. (1997) Peripheral pulmonary arteries: optimization of the spiral CT acquisition protocol. Radiology 204:157–163
Schoepf UJ, Helmberger T, Holzknecht N et al. (2000) Segmental and subsegmental pulmonary arteries: evaluation with electron-beam versus spiral CT. Radiology 214:433–439
Diffin DC, Leyendecker JR, Johnson SP et al. (1998) Effect of anatomic distribution of pulmonary emboli on interobserver agreement in the interpretation of pulmonary angiography. Am J Roentgenol 171:1085–1089
Stein PD, Henry JW, Gottschalk A (1999) Reassessment of pulmonary angiography for the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism: relation of interpreter agreement to the order of the involved pulmonary arterial branch. Radiology 210:689–691
Baile EM, King GG, Muller NL et al. (2000) Spiral computed tomography is comparable to angiography for the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 161:1010–1015
Loud PA, Katz DS, Klippenstein DL et al. (2000) Combined CT venography and pulmonary angiography in suspected thromboembolic disease: diagnostic accuracy for deep venous evaluation. Am J Roentgenol 174:61–65
Cham MD, Yankelevitz DF, Shaham D et al. (2000) Deep venous thrombosis: detection by using indirect CT venography. The Pulmonary Angiography–Indirect CT Venography Cooperative Group. Radiology 216:744–751
Rademaker J, Griesshaber V, Hidajat N et al. (2001) Combined CT pulmonary angiography and venography for diagnosis of pulmonary embolism and deep vein thrombosis: radiation dose. J Thorac Imaging 16:297–299
Nieman K, Rensing BJ, van Geuns RJ et al. (2002) Usefulness of multislice computed tomography for detecting obstructive coronary artery disease. Am J Cardiol 89:913–918
Becker CR, Knez A, Ohnesorge B et al. (2000) Imaging of noncalcified coronary plaques using helical CT with retrospective ECG gating. Am J Roentgenol 175:423–424
Kopp AF, Schroeder S, Baumbach A et al. (2001) Non-invasive characterisation of coronary lesion morphology and composition by multislice CT: first results in comparison with intracoronary ultrasound. Eur Radiol 11:1607–1611
Raptopoulos V, Sheiman RG, Phillips DA et al. (1992) Traumatic aortic tear: screening with chest CT. Radiology 182:667–673
Rubin GD, Dake MD, Napel SA et al. (1993) Three-dimensional spiral CT angiography of the abdomen: initial clinical experience. Radiology 186:147–152
Schoepf UJ, Becker CR, Bruening RD et al. (1999) Electrocardiographically gated thin-section CT of the lung. Radiology 212:649–654
Roos JE, Willmann JK, Weishaupt D et al. (2002) Thoracic aorta: motion artifact reduction with retrospective and prospective electrocardiography-assisted multi-detector row CT. Radiology 222:271–277
Fallenberg M, Juergens KU, Wichter T et al. (2002) Coronary artery aneurysm and type-A aortic dissection demonstrated by retrospectively ECG-gated multislice spiral CT. Eur Radiol 12:201–204
Costello P, Gaa J (1995) Spiral CT angiography of abdominal aortic aneurysms. Radiographics 15:397–406
Prokop M (1998) CT angiography of the abdominal arteries. Abdom Imaging 23:462–468
Raptopoulos V, Rosen MP, Kent KC et al. (1996) Sequential helical CT angiography of aortoiliac disease. Am J Roentgenol 166:1347–1354
Armerding MD, Rubin GD, Beaulieu CF et al. (2000) Aortic aneurysmal disease: assessment of stent-graft treatment-CT versus conventional angiography. Radiology 215:138–146
Tillich M, Hill BB, Paik DS et al. (2001) Prediction of aortoiliac stent-graft length: comparison of measurement methods. Radiology 220:475–483
Raptopoulos V, Steer ML, Sheiman RG et al. (1997) The use of helical CT and CT angiography to predict vascular involvement from pancreatic cancer: correlation with findings at surgery. Am J Roentgenol 168:971–977
Johnson PT, Heath DG, Kuszyk BS, Fishman EK (1996) CT angiography with volume rendering: advantages and applications in splanchnic vascular imaging. Radiology 200:564–568
Laghi A, Iannaccone R, Catalano C, Passariello R (2001) Multislice spiral computed tomography angiography of mesenteric arteries. Lancet 358:638–639
Galanski M, Prokop M, Chavan A et al. (1993) Renal arterial stenoses: spiral CT angiography. Radiology 189:185–192
Wittenberg G, Kenn W, Tschammler A et al. (1999) Spiral CT angiography of renal arteries: comparison with angiography. Eur Radiol 9:546–551
Prokop M (1999) Protocols and future directions in imaging of renal artery stenosis: CT angiography. J Comput Assist Tomogr 23 (Suppl 1):S101–S110
Hofmann LV, Smith PA, Kuszyk BS et al. (1999) Three-dimensional helical CT angiography in renal transplant recipients: a new problem-solving tool. Am J Roentgenol 173:1085–1089
Rubin GD, Schmidt AJ, Logan LJ, Sofilos MC (2001) Multi-detector row CT angiography of lower extremity arterial inflow and runoff: initial experience. Radiology 221:146–158
Rubin GD (2000) Data explosion: the challenge of multidetector-row CT. Eur J Radiol 36:74–80
Roos JE, Desbiolles LM, Willmann JK et al. (2002) Multidetector-row helical CT: analysis of time management and workflow. Eur Radiol 12:680–685
Schoepf U, Bruening RD, Hong C, Eibel R, Aydemir S, Crispin A, Becker CR, Reiser MF (2001) Multislice helical CT imaging of focal and diffuse lung disease: comprehensive diagnosis with reconstruction of contiguous and high-resolution CT sections from a single thin-collimation scan. Am J Roentgenol 177:179–184
Mastora I, Remy-Jardin M, Suess C et al. (2001) Dose reduction in spiral CT angiography of thoracic outlet syndrome by anatomically adapted tube current modulation. Eur Radiol 11:590–596
Greess H, Nomayr A, Wolf H et al. (2002) Dose reduction in CT examination of children by an attenuation-based on- line modulation of tube current (CARE Dose). Eur Radiol 12:1571–1576
U.J.S. is the recipient of the Siemens Visiting Research Fellowship Grant of the ECR 2000 Research and Education Fund. L.K.H. and M.D. are supported by the Medical Imaging Processing Laboratory, Muelheim/Ruhr, Germany.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Schoepf, U.J., Becker, C.R., Hofmann, L.K. et al. Multislice CT angiography. Eur Radiol 13, 1946–1961 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-003-1842-7
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-003-1842-7