Abstract
Several studies have shown associations between groups of intestinal bacterial or specific ratios between bacterial groups and various disease traits. Meanwhile, little is known about interactions and associations between eukaryotic and prokaryotic microorganisms in the human gut. In this work, we set out to investigate potential associations between common single-celled parasites such as Blastocystis spp. and Dientamoeba fragilis and intestinal bacteria. Stool DNA from patients with intestinal symptoms were selected based on being Blastocystis spp.-positive (B+)/negative (B−) and D. fragilis-positive (D+)/negative (D−), and split into four groups of 21 samples (B+ D+, B+ D−, B− D+, and B− D−). Quantitative PCR targeting the six bacterial taxa Bacteroides, Prevotella, the butyrate-producing clostridial clusters IV and XIVa, the mucin-degrading Akkermansia muciniphila, and the indigenous group of Bifidobacterium was subsequently performed, and the relative abundance of these bacteria across the four groups was compared. The relative abundance of Bacteroides in B– D– samples was significantly higher compared with B+ D− and B+ D+ samples (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively), and this association was even more significant when comparing all parasite-positive samples with parasite-negative samples (P < 0.001). Additionally, our data revealed that a low abundance of Prevotella and a higher abundance of Clostridial cluster XIVa was associated with parasite-negative samples (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively). Our data support the theory that Blastocystis alone or combined with D. fragilis is associated with gut microbiota characterized by low relative abundances of Bacteroides and Clostridial cluster XIVa and high levels of Prevotella.
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Lee O’Brien Andersen (LOA), Amanj Baker Karim (ABK), Henrik Munch Roager (HMR), Louise Kristine Vigsnæs (LKV), Karen Angeliki Krogfelt (KAK), Tine Rask Licht (TRL), Christen Rune Stensvold (CRS). The first person listed in each section is the responsible author.
Study conception and design: CRS, TRL, KAK, ABK and LOA. Acquisition of data: ABK, HMR, LKV, TRL, CRS and LOA. Analysis and interpretation of data: LOA, ABK, HMR, CRS, KAK and TRL. Drafting of manuscript: LOA and CRS. Critical revision: All
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Lee O’Brien Andersen’s work is partly supported by the Lundbeck Foundation (Project no. R108-A10123). Christen Rune Stensvold’s work is partly funded by Marie Curie Actions (CIG Project no. PCIG11-GA-2012-321614).
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All authors report of no conflict of interests.
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Formal consent was not required as this was a retrospective observational study.
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O’Brien Andersen, L., Karim, A.B., Roager, H.M. et al. Associations between common intestinal parasites and bacteria in humans as revealed by qPCR. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 35, 1427–1431 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10096-016-2680-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10096-016-2680-2