Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Lipids and Lipid Metabolism
Precursor role of branched-chain amino acids in the biosynthesis of iso and anteiso fatty acids in rat skin
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Cited by (25)
Monomethyl branched-chain fatty acids: Health effects and biological mechanisms
2023, Progress in Lipid ResearchProfiling the Metabolism of Human Cells by Deep <sup>13</sup>C Labeling
2018, Cell Chemical BiologyCitation Excerpt :However, we observed no 13C labeling of TCA cycle metabolites, suggesting that the function of BCAA metabolism in these cells is unrelated to oxidation for energy. The branched-chain acylcarnitines have recently been shown to be precursors of fatty acid synthesis in human preadipocytes (Green et al., 2016; Crown et al., 2015; Oku et al., 1994), and are associated with growth phenotypes in Caenorhabditis elegans (Jia et al., 2016), but have not previously been observed in cancer cells. BCKAs are present in human plasma at 30–50 μM, comparable with the BCAA levels (Wishart et al., 2013), suggesting that utilization of BCKAs could be advantageous to proliferating cancer cells as an alternative source of BCAAs for protein synthesis, particularly in poorly vascularized tumors where nutrients are scarce.
Nonhydroxylated 1-O-acylceramides in vernix caseosa
2018, Journal of Lipid ResearchCitation Excerpt :Based on their retention behavior (59), we speculate that they corresponded to iso-, anteiso-, and straight-chain esters (supplemental Table S1). Odd-carbon FAMEs were of all three types (iso-, anteiso-, and straight-chain), whereas even-carbon FAMEs lacked anteiso-isomers, likely because anteiso-chains are biosynthesized from the odd-carbon precursor, isoleucine (60). Iso-FAMEs predominated in odd-carbon series, where the most abundant even-carbon FAMEs were of the anteiso type.
Enantioselectivity of anteiso-fatty acids in hitherto uninspected sample matrices
2017, Journal of Chromatography B: Analytical Technologies in the Biomedical and Life SciencesCitation Excerpt :Bacteria such as Bacillus sp. are using aFAs (and other branched-chain fatty acids (BCFAs)) to modulate the fluidity of cell membranes similarly to polyunsaturated fatty acids [1,10,11]. Bacterial biosynthesis of aFAs usually starts with the primer L-isoleucine (2S-amino-3S-methylpentanoic acid, L-ILE) [1,12–15]. Due to the (S)-configuration of the carbon with the methyl-branch of L-ILE, the resulting naturally produced aFAs were reported to be (S)-enantiopure [1,16–20].
Developmental defects of Caenorhabditis elegans lacking branched-chain α-ketoacid dehydrogenase are mainly caused by monomethyl branched-chain fatty acid deficiency
2016, Journal of Biological ChemistryCitation Excerpt :However, the developmental and physiological functions of mmBCFAs in mammals are essentially unknown. In mammals, mmBCFAs are synthesized from BCAAs (37, 38), which likely requires BCKDH activity because C21anteISO, the constitutive mmBCFA in the hair, is missing from the hairs of MSUD patients (see Fig. 1A) (21). Despite the observation that MSUD patients may have lost the ability to synthesize mmBCFAs, and that mmBCFAs are expected to play important physiological roles in mammals, the impact of mmBCFA deficiency on MSUD-related developmental and physiological defects has not been reported.
High-protein diets prevent steatosis and induce hepatic accumulation of monomethyl branched-chain fatty acids
2014, Journal of Nutritional BiochemistryCitation Excerpt :In fact, we even observed an inverse correlation of the Leu metabolites 15-MHDA and 17-MODA with hepatic TGs. Preferential incorporation of Ile- and Val- over Leu-derived keto-acids into mmBCFAs was earlier observed in rodent skin [70] and probably reflects a higher flux through 2-methyl-branched-chain acyl-CoA (SBCAD) than isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase (IVD). The negative correlation between circulating BCAAs or their hepatic mmBCFA metabolites on the one hand and steatosis on the other may be causal, because supplementation of BCAAs reduced steatosis in humans [71] and BCAAs plus lysine and threonine [48,49] or even Ile alone [48,72] in rodents.