Smooth muscle antibodies of actin and “non-actin” specificity

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Abstract

The specificity and immunoglobulin class of smooth muscle antibodies (SMA) were studied in the sera of patients with urogenital cancer, acute respiratory infection, and chronic hepatitis and in the sera of blood donors by the indirect immunofluorescence technique (IFL). SMA activity could be neutralized with skeletal muscle actin in all 20 sera from patients with chronic hepatitis but in only 21 out of 57 other SMA-positive sera. The IFL staining patterns of anti-actin and anti-“non-actin” SMA were different; anti-actin antibodies reacted with the glomerular mesangia and I bands of myofibrils, whereas anti-“non-actin” antibodies reacted with the periphery of myofibrils and with intercalated discs. The specificity and diagnostic significance of SMA are discussed.

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