Regular paperHepatitis C virus-related chronic liver disease with autoantibodies to liver-kidney microsomes (LKM): Clinical characterization from idiopathic LKM-positive disorders
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2006, Cellular ImmunologyCitation Excerpt :Moreover, when the recombinant forms of the mitochondrial proteins are used diagnostically, a positive test for AMA is virtually diagnostic of PBC, or at least suggests that the person is at substantial risk of developing PBC over the next 5–10 years [9]. Although AMA is considered the humoral hallmark of PBC, antibodies against various mitochondrial enzymes can be frequently detected in patients with infectious liver diseases [10–17]. However, these AMA responses are not directed at the same epitope as found in patients with PBC and has led to significant misunderstandings regarding the specificity of the AMA response.
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2005, Advances in Clinical ChemistryCitation Excerpt :Homologies have been recognized between epitopes on the CYP2D6 molecule and the genome of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) [14, 15, 78–81]. The detection of anti‐LKM1 in occasional adults [16, 20, 82–84] and children [85] with chronic hepatitis C in Europe (≤10%) may reflect this molecular mimicry and antibody cross‐reactivity. The hexameric amino acid sequence spanning 193–212 of the CYP2D6 molecule is homologous to the sequence spanning region 2985–2990 of the HCV genome and identical to the sequence spanning region 130–135 of the cytomegalovirus (CMV) genome [80].
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