European Journal of Cancer and Clinical Oncology
Respiratory tract tumours in hamsters exposed to acetaldehyde vapour alone or simultaneously to benzo(a)pyrene or diethylnitrosamine☆
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2021, Mutation Research - Genetic Toxicology and Environmental MutagenesisCitation Excerpt :The concentrations found in fresh cigarette smoke can vary from 200 to 2000 ppm [16]. Various animal studies have shown in concentrations of 750 ppm or higher [17], that sustained inhalation exposure causes chronic tissue injury, growth retardation, tumour formation in nasal and respiratory mucosa and mortality [18–23] due to various cellular and molecular mechanisms. These include sister-chromatid exchanges [24], formation of DNA-DNA and DNA-protein crosslinks [20], as well as blocks in DNA replication elongation leading to DNA double-strand breaks, resulting in genotoxicity, indicated by the presence of micronuclei [25].
Potential impurities in drug substances: Compound-specific toxicology limits for 20 synthetic reagents and by-products, and a class-specific toxicology limit for alkyl bromides
2018, Regulatory Toxicology and PharmacologyCitation Excerpt :It was also clastogenic (caused chromosome damage) in vitro and in vivo. Acetaldehyde induced localized nasal and larynx tumors in animal inhalation studies, but no tumors in an oral rat study (Feron et al., 1982; Soffritti et al., 2002; Woutersen et al., 1986). However, there is strong evidence for a non-linear dose-response for the mutagenic and carcinogenic effects, with cytotoxicity/DNA adducts occurring only after saturation of detoxification mechanisms (Albertini, 2013).
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2017, Best Practice and Research: Clinical GastroenterologyCitation Excerpt :According to the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) acetaldehyde is carcinogenic in experimental animals [10]. Inhaled acetaldehyde produces nasal carcinomas in rats and laryngeal carcinomas in hamsters [32,33]. Life time administration of acetaldehyde in drinking-water to rats resulted in increased number of pancreatic adenomas, lymphomas, leukaemias, uterine and mammary gland adenocarcinomas, and head osteosarcomas [34].
ALDH2-deficiency as genetic epidemiologic and biochemical model for the carcinogenicity of acetaldehyde
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The investigations were supported by a grant from the research fund of the Scientific Advisory Committee Smoking and Health. This fund has been established by the Dutch Cigarette Industry Foundation. Preliminary results of this study were presented in the form of a poster during the Symposium on ‘Cocarcinogenicity and Biological Effects of Tumor Promoters’, Castle of Elmau, Klais, Federal Republic of Germany, 1980.