Elsevier

Genomics

Volume 2, Issue 3, April 1988, Pages 209-214
Genomics

Genotyping of human alcohol dehydrogenases at the ADH2 and ADH3 loci following DNA sequence amplification

https://doi.org/10.1016/0888-7543(88)90004-3Get rights and content

Abstract

Humans are polymorphic at two of the alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) loci important in ethanol metabolism, ADH2 and ADH3. Although the coding regions of these genes are 94% identical, they produce subunits that differ greatly in kinetic properties in vitro. These differences are likely to be reflected in the pharmacokinetics of alcohol metabolism, but studies have been hampered by the need to use liver biopsy specimens to determine the ADH phenotype. This problem has now been overcome by determining the genotype at these loci using DNA that has been amplifled in vitro by the polymerase chain reaction. We report here the identification of all three of the ADH2 alleles and both of the ADH3 alleles. Any pair of ADH2 or ADH3 alleles can be distinguished using allele-specific oligonucleotide probes directed at their single base pair difference. In addition, ADH22 can be distinguished from ADH21 and ADH23 by detecting a new MaeIII site created in the third exon by the single base pair alteration in ADH22.

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