Digestive and liver diseases statistics, 2004

doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2004.01.025

Gastroenterology

Volume 126, Issue 5, May 2004, Pages 1448-1453

https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2004.01.025 Get rights and content

Abstract

$Background & Aims$ : Digestive and liver diseases are associated with substantial morbidity and mortality in the United States. Statistics about the incidence, prevalence, mortality, and resource utilization of digestive and liver diseases in the United States may be cumbersome to obtain because they are scattered in multiple sources. These data may be useful for policy makers, grant applicants, and authors. $Methods$ : Data on the most common gastrointestinal and liver diseases were collected from large publicly available national databases. Information was collected on inpatient and outpatient gastrointestinal complaints and diagnoses, gastrointestinal cancers, and deaths from common liver diseases. $Results$ : The leading gastrointestinal complaint prompting an outpatient visit is abdominal pain, with 12.2 million annual visits, followed by diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting. Abdominal pain is the leading outpatient gastrointestinal diagnosis, accounting for 5.2 million visits annually, followed by gastroesophageal reflux disease, with 4.5 million visits. Gallstone disease is the most common inpatient diagnosis, with 262,411 hospitalizations and a median inpatient charge of $11,584. Colorectal cancer is the most common gastrointestinal cause of death and is the most common gastrointestinal cancer, with an incidence of 54 per 100,000. Among gastrointestinal cancers, primary liver cancer had the highest increase in incidence from 1992 to 2000. $Conclusions$ : Gastrointestinal and liver diseases are associated with significant outpatient and inpatient healthcare utilization. Following trends in utilization is important for determining allocation of resources for health care and research.

Section snippets

Gastrointestinal causes of death

Data on the leading causes of death were obtained from mortality tables from the Division of Vital Statistics, National Center for Health Statistics (Table 1). A total of 2,403,351 deaths in the United States were reported during the year 2000. Causes of death were reported on the basis of the 10th revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10; 1992). In constructing these tables, the underlying cause of death is ascertained from death certificate data and then coded

Discussion

The data presented in this article provide a comprehensive and contemporary summary of digestive and liver disease in the United States. By compiling data from disparate sources, we provide a convenient resource for researchers and health planners. In addition, statistics can be periodically updated to identify trends in incidence, prevalence, and mortality of diseases, and this may have implications for health policy.

A strength of the data assembled for this report is that the data were

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R.S. Sandler et al.
The burden of selected digestive diseases in the United States
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The burden of gastrointestinal diseases
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Disruption of the exchange of copper ions in the body is accompanied by the development of a number of pathologies and, most often, liver fibrosis. Ito cells, which deposit vitamin A, play a key role in fibrogenesis. For the purpose of determining the impactof vitamin A on the functional characteristics of the liver with fibrosis, we studied the dynamics of vitamin A accumulation in the liver during its daily administration (up to 21 days) in intact animals and animals with Cu-induced liver fibrosis, as well as physiological (body weight and relative weight organs) and biochemical parameters (activity of alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, concentration of cholesterol and urea). It was shown that daily administration of vitamin A to experimental animals at a dose of 300 IU/100 g of body weight was accompanied by its accumulation in the liver, and, after reaching a concentration of 250–300 μg/g, its content decreased even against the background of further administrations. The development of Cu-induced liver fibrosis was accompanied by a decrease in vitamin E in the liver by 40% compared with the baseline level. The administration of vitamin A to animals with liver fibrosis was also accompanied by its accumulation in the liver, but its increase was observed later, and the rate of decrease was faster. There is an inverse relationship between the vitamin A content and the vitamin E content in the liver. Administration of vitamin A to animals with liver fibrosis was accompanied by normalization of ALT activity, cholesterol content, and restoration of the growth rate of animals.
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^☆: This research was supported, in part, by grants P30DK34987 and T32DK07634 from the National Institutes of Health and by the American Gastroenterological Association Merck Clinical Research Career Development Award (to M.W.R.).

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Special reports and reviewsDigestive and liver diseases statistics, 2004☆

Abstract

Section snippets

Gastrointestinal causes of death

Discussion

Gastroenterology

The burden of gastrointestinal diseases

Special reports and reviews
Digestive and liver diseases statistics, 2004☆