Clinical—Liver, Pancreas, and Biliary TractSalivary Transcriptomic Biomarkers for Detection of Resectable Pancreatic Cancer
Section snippets
Patients and Study Design
This study, which was approved by the UCLA Institutional Review Board, started sample collection in February 2006. The study design followed the principle of prospective specimen collection and retrospective blinded evaluation (PRoBE) design.25 All subjects were recruited from the UCLA Medical Center. The saliva bank of pancreatic disease at the UCLA Dental Research Institute has collected 283 saliva samples since 2006. Of these, 114 samples, including 42 pancreatic cancer patients, 30 chronic
Variation of Salivary Gene Expression Profiles Between Pancreatic Cancer Patients and Healthy Controls
In the discovery phase, microarrays and qPCR were used to examine gene expression profiles and levels in saliva samples from pancreatic cancer patients (n = 12) and healthy controls (n = 12). It is important to assess the quantity and quality of mRNA in saliva to ensure the sufficiency and accuracy for microarray profiling. On average, 146.6 ± 58.7 ng (n = 24) of total RNA was obtained from 330 μL of saliva supernatant. There was no significant difference in total RNA quantity between
Discussion
Current clinical blood-based tests for pancreatic cancer including CA19-9 lack sufficient sensitivity and specificity to be of use in screening for pancreatic cancer, especially preinvasive forms.6, 10, 11, 12, 13 Combination of other proteomic biomarkers with CA19-9 has the ability to distinguish pancreatic cancer from healthy controls with high discriminatory power; however, the sensitivity is relatively low.7, 32 Additionally, the utility of these biomarkers for discriminating pancreatic
Acknowledgments
The authors thank Ali Ammar for collecting and processing saliva samples, Dr Hua Xiao for technique support, and the UCLA microarray core facility for technique support.
Accession numbers: All Affymetrix Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 Array data generated in this study have been uploaded to the GEO database (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo). The access number is GSE14245.
L.Z. and J.J.F. contributed equally to this work.
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Cited by (0)
All other gene names are listed in the Supplementary Material Table S4.
Conflicts of interest The authors disclose no conflicts.
Funding Support was provided by the National Institutes of Health (U01DE016275 and R21CA126733).