Evolving studies with several different targeted therapeutic agents are demonstrating that
patients with genomic alterations of the target, including amplification, translocation and …

Introduction Breast cancer remains a significant scientific, clinical and societal challenge.
This gap analysis has reviewed and critically assessed enduring issues and new challenges …

Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a PI3K-related kinase that regulates cell growth,
proliferation, and survival via mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) and mTORC2. The mTOR …

A large-scale RNA interference screen to discover genes involved in trastuzumab resistance
in breast cancer identified only PTEN as a modulator of drug sensitivity. Oncogenic mutants …

Abstract Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT pathway aberrations are common in
cancer. By applying mass spectroscopy–based sequencing and reverse-phase protein …

Metaplastic breast cancers (MBC) are aggressive, chemoresistant tumors characterized by
lineage plasticity. To advance understanding of their pathogenesis and relatedness to other …

The standard initial management of epithelial ovarian cancer consists of surgical staging,
operative tumour debulking including total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo …

Many breast cancers exhibit a degree of dependence on estrogen for tumor growth.
Although several therapies have been developed to treat individuals with estrogen …

Breast cancers are comprised of molecularly distinct subtypes that may respond differently to
pathway-targeted therapies now under development. Collections of breast cancer cell lines …

Dysregulation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling pathway occurs
frequently in human cancer. PTEN tumor suppressor or PIK3CA oncogene mutations both …