The mucosal surfaces of the gut and airways have important barrier functions and regulate
the induction of immunological tolerance. The rapidly increasing incidence of chronic …

The long-term solution to the asthma epidemic is thought to be prevention, and not treatment
of established disease. Atopic asthma arises from gene–environment interactions, which …

Currently, testing for immunoglobulin E (IgE) sensitization is the cornerstone of diagnostic
evaluation in suspected allergic conditions. This review provides a thorough and updated …

Background In December 2019, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak
occurred in Wuhan. Data on the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with severe …

Background In early life, the innate immune system can recognize both viable and nonviable
parts of microorganisms. Immune activation may direct the immune response, thus …

WHEN activated, T helper cells differentiate into one of two subsets, Th1 and Th2,
characterized by distinct profiles of cytokine production. Th1 cells activate pro-inflammatory …

COVID-19 is associated with a wide range of clinical manifestations, including autoimmune
features and autoantibody production. Here we develop three protein arrays to measure IgG …

The cytokine IL-6 acts via a specific receptor complex that consists of the membrane-bound
IL-6 receptor (mIL-6R) or the soluble IL-6 receptor (sIL-6R) and glycoprotein 130 (gp130). In …

Growing up on a farm is associated with an asthma-protective effect, but the mechanisms
underlying this effect are largely unknown. In the Protection against Allergy: Study in Rural …

Background: The skin of patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) exhibits a striking susceptibility
to colonization with Staphylococcus aureus. Some strains of S aureus secrete exotoxins with …