Anemia is quite frequently diagnosed in older individuals and is a key indicator of various
reactive and clonal conditions. Many underlying diseases, like myelodysplastic syndrome …

Iron deficiency and immune activation are the two most frequent causes of anemia, both of
which are based on disturbances of iron homeostasis. Iron deficiency anemia results from a …

Macrophages reside in virtually every organ. First arising during embryogenesis,
macrophages replenish themselves in the adult through a combination of self-renewal and …

During the inflammatory response that drives atherogenesis, macrophages accumulate
progressively in the expanding arterial wall,. The observation that circulating monocytes give …

Baseline platelet production is dependent on thrombopoietin (TPO). TPO is constitutively
produced and primarily regulated by receptor-mediated uptake by platelets. Inflammatory …

Under chronic inflammatory conditions cytokines induce a diversion of iron traffic, leading to
hypoferremia and retention of the metal within the reticuloendothelial system. However, the …

The anemia of chronic disease (ACD) is characterized by macrophage iron retention
induced by cytokines and the master regulator hepcidin. Hepcidin controls cellular iron efflux …

Recognition and clearance of a bacterial infection are a fundamental properties of innate
immunity. Here, we describe an effector B cell population that protects against microbial …

Iron is an essential component of the erythrocyte protein hemoglobin and is crucial to
oxygen transport in vertebrates. In the steady state, erythrocyte production is in equilibrium …

Hepcidin, a master regulator of iron homeostasis, is produced in small amounts by
inflammatory monocytes/macrophages. Chronic immune activation leads to iron retention …