A complex mucosal barrier protects as the first line of defense the surface of the healthy
intestinal tract from adhesion and invasion by luminal microorganisms. In this review, we …

We survive because we adapted to a world of microorganisms. All our epithelial surfaces
participate in keeping up an effective barrier against microbes while not initiating ongoing …

Background Inflammatory bowel diseases are common in Europe, with prevalences as high
as 1 in 198 persons (ulcerative colitis) and 1 in 310 persons (Crohn's disease). Methods …

Objective The authors tested whether the anti-interleukin (IL)-17A monoclonal antibody
secukinumab was safe and effective for the treatment of active Crohn's disease. Design In a …

The pathogenesis of Crohn′ s disease (CD), an idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease, is
attributed, in part, to intestinal bacteria that may initiate and perpetuate mucosal …

Background: Mutations in NOD2, a putative intracellular receptor for bacterial
peptidoglycans, are associated with a subset of Crohn's disease but the molecular …

Defensins are endogenous antimicrobial peptides that protect the intestinal mucosa against
bacterial invasion. It has been suggested that deficient defensin expression may underlie …

Little is known about the defensive mechanisms induced in epithelial cells by pathogenic
versus probiotic bacteria. The aim of our study was to compare probiotic bacterial strains …

Human epithelia are permanently challenged by bacteria and fungi, including commensal
and pathogenic microbiota,. In the gut, the fraction of strict anaerobes increases from …

Antimicrobial peptides such as defensins provide nonspecific mucosal defense against a
multitude of microorganisms. Recently, it has been shown that luminal bacteria may invade …