Background Anti-TNF drugs are effective treatments for the management of Crohn's disease
but treatment failure is common. We aimed to identify clinical and pharmacokinetic factors …

The Joint Advisory Group on Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (JAG) was initially established in
1994 to standardise endoscopy training across specialties. Over the last two decades, the …

Background & Aims Anti–tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) therapies are the most widely
used biologic drugs for treating immune-mediated diseases, but repeated administration can …

Purpose of the review Progress towards the goal of high-quality endoscopy across health
economies has been founded on high-quality structured training programmes linked to …

Previous neuroimaging studies have shown brain activity during not only the application of
noxious stimuli, but also prior to stimulation. The functional significance of the anticipatory …

Evidence from both human and animal studies has demonstrated a key role for brainstem
centers in the control of ascending nociceptive input. Nuclei such as the rostral ventromedial …

Neuroimaging methods have so far identified various structures in the brain involved in the
processing of pain and its control. However, our understanding of their anatomical …

Objective The number of colonoscopies required to reach competency is not well
established. The primary aim of this study was to determine the number of colonoscopies …

Visceral and somatic pain perception differs in several aspects: poor localization of visceral
pain and the ability of visceral pain to be referred to somatic structures. The perception of …

AIM: To explore the relationship of patient comfort and experience to commonly used
performance indicators for colonoscopy. METHODS: All colonoscopies performed in our four …