Viruses are obligate intracellular parasites and thus cannot replicate outside a living cell.
Whereas a susceptible and permissive host cell is sufficient for most viruses to produce …

Virophages can parasitize giant DNA viruses and may provide adaptive anti-giant virus
defense in unicellular eukaryotes. Under laboratory conditions, the virophage mavirus …

Chronic infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV) is one of the main causes of hepatocellular
carcinoma. However, the molecular mechanisms linking the infection to cancer development …

Objective Inflammation and oxidative stress drive disease progression in chronic hepatitis C
(CHC) towards hepatocellular carcinoma. HCV is known to increase intracellular levels of …

Background & Aims Chronic HCV infection causes cellular stress, fibrosis and predisposes
to hepatocarcinogenesis. Mitochondria play key roles in orchestrating stress responses by …

The heterotrophic stramenopile Cafeteria roenbergensis is a globally distributed marine
bacterivorous protist. This unicellular flagellate is host to the giant DNA virus CroV and the …

The rotavirus (RV) genome consists of 11 double-stranded RNA segments. Sometimes,
partial sequence duplication of an RNA segment leads to a rearranged RNA segment. To …

Giant DNA viruses of the phylum Nucleocytoviricota are being increasingly recognized as
important regulators of natural protist populations. However, our knowledge of their infection …

Endogenous viral elements (EVEs) are frequently found in eukaryotic genomes, yet their
integration dynamics and biological functions remain largely unknown. Unlike most other …

Group A rotaviruses, members of the family Reoviridae, are a major cause of infantile acute
gastroenteritis. The rotavirus genome consists of 11 dsRNA segments. In some cases, an …