Objective Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) has been shown to negatively regulate
immune responses via its interaction with PD-1 receptor. In this study, we investigated the …

Abstract Interleukin (IL)-27 is a novel cytokine of the IL-6/IL-12 family that has been reported
to be involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases and has a pivotal role as both a …

PD-1 is a well-established negative regulator of T cell responses by inhibiting proliferation
and cytokine production of T cells via interaction with its ligands, B7-H1 (PD-L1) and B7-DC …

Influenza A virus (IAV) infection frequently causes hospitalization and mortality due to severe
immunopathology. Annual vaccination and antiviral drugs are the current countermeasures …

Amyloid‐β (Aβ) in the form of neurotoxic aggregates is regarded as the main pathological
initiator and key therapeutic target of Alzheimer's disease. However, anti‐Aβ drug …

Summary Interleukin (IL)‐27 is a heterodimeric cytokine that is known to have both
stimulatory and inhibitory functions during immune responses. We investigated the effects of …

IL-23 is the key cytokine that induces the expansion of Th17 cells. It is composed of p19 and
p40 subunits of IL-12. The p40 subunit binds competitively to the receptor of IL-23 and …

Abstract Programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) is a coinhibitory molecule and plays a pivotal role
in immune regulation. Here, we demonstrate a role for PD-1 in pathogenesis of inflammatory …

Improvement to the immunogenicity of DNA vaccines was evaluated in a Mycobacterium
tuberculosis (MTB) infection mouse model examining the combined effects of nonlytic Fc …

Abstract IL-12p40 homodimer, a natural antagonist of IL-12 and IL-23, performs an important
role in the expression of proinflammatory cytokines that is essential for Th1 and Th17 …